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HIV/AIDS, declining family resources and the community safety net

机译：艾滋病毒/艾滋病，家庭资源减少和社区安全网

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Families play central roles in the HIV/AIDS pandemic, caring for both orphaned children and the ill. This extra caregiving depletes two family resources essential for supporting children: time and money. We use recent data from published studies in sub-Saharan Africa to illustrate deficits and document community responses. In Botswana, parents caring for the chronically ill had less time for their preschool children (74 versus 96 hours per month) and were almost twice as likely to leave children home alone (53% versus 27%); these children experienced greater health and academic problems. Caregiving often prevented adults from working full time or earning their previous level of income; 47% of orphan caregivers and 64% of HIV/AIDS caregivers reported financial difficulties due to caregiving. Communities can play an important role in helping families provide adequate childcare and financial support. Unfortunately, while communities commonly offer informal assistance, the value of such support.is not adequate to match the magnitude of need: 75% of children's families in Malawi received assistance from their social network, but averaging only USDollars 81 annually. We suggest communities can strengthen the capacity of families by implementing affordable quality childcare for 0-6 year olds, after-school programming for older children and youth, supportive care for ill children and parents, microlending to enhance earnings, training to increase access to quality jobs, decent working conditions, social insurance for the informal sector, and income, and food transfers when families are unable to make ends meet.
机译：家庭在艾滋病毒/艾滋病大流行中起着核心作用，既照顾孤儿又照顾病人。这种额外的照料消耗了对儿童抚养所必需的两个家庭资源：时间和金钱。我们使用来自撒哈拉以南非洲已发表研究的最新数据来说明赤字并记录社区的对策。在博茨瓦纳，照顾慢性病的父母陪伴学龄前儿童的时间更少（分别为每月74个小时和96个小时），几乎没有孩子独自出门的可能性（53％比27％）。这些孩子的健康和学业问题更大。照料常常使成年人无法全职工作或赚取以前的收入; 47％的孤儿照顾者和64％的HIV / AIDS照顾者报告因照顾而出现财务困难。社区在帮助家庭提供适当的托儿和经济支持方面可以发挥重要作用。不幸的是，尽管社区通常提供非正式援助，但这种支持的价值不足以满足需要的程度：马拉维75％的儿童家庭从其社交网络获得了援助，但平均每年仅获得81美元。我们建议社区可以通过为0-6岁的儿童实施负担得起的优质儿童保育，为大龄儿童和青年提供课后方案，为患病的儿童和父母提供支持性护理，小额贷款以增加收入，培训以提高获得质量的机会，来增强家庭的能力。工作，体面的工作条件，非正规部门的社会保险，收入以及家庭无力维持生计时的粮食转让。

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