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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS care. >HIV testing practices as reported by HIV-infected patients in four European countries
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HIV testing practices as reported by HIV-infected patients in four European countries

机译：欧洲四个国家/地区的HIV感染患者报告的HIV检测方法

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HIV testing constitutes an important strategy to control the HIV epidemic, which therefore merits an observation of HIV testing practices to help improve testing effectiveness. In 2008, a cross-sectional survey among recently diagnosed (≤ 3 years) HIV-infected patients was conducted in Belgium, Estonia, Finland and Portugal. Participants were questioned about reasons for HIV testing, testing place and testing conditions. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Out of 1460 eligible participants, 629 (43%) were included. Forty-one per cent were diagnosed late and 55% had never undergone a previous HIV test with perceived low risk being the primary reason for not having been tested earlier. Heterogeneity in HIV testing practices was observed across countries. Overall, tests were most frequently conducted in primary care (38%) and specialised clinics (21%), primarily on the initiative of the health care provider (65%). Sixty-one per cent were tested with informed consent, 31% received pretest counselling, 78% received post-test counselling, 71% were involved in partner notification and 92% were in care three months after diagnosis. The results showed that HIV testing is done in a variety of settings suggesting that multiple pathways to HIV testing are provided. HIV testing practice is being normalised, with less focus on pretest counselling, yet with emphasis on post-test follow-up. Major barriers to testing are centred on the denial of risk. Efforts are needed to concurrently promote public awareness about HIV risk and benefits of HIV testing and train clinicians to be more proactive in offering HIV testing.
机译：HIV检测是控制HIV流行的重要策略，因此，有必要对HIV检测方法进行观察，以帮助提高检测效果。 2008年，在比利时，爱沙尼亚，芬兰和葡萄牙对最近被确诊（≤3年）感染HIV的患者进行了横断面调查。与会者被问到有关艾滋病毒检测的原因，检测地点和检测条件。进行了单因素和多因素分析。在1460名合格参与者中，包括629名（43％）。 41％的人被诊断为晚期，而55％的人从未接受过先前的HIV检测，认为低风险是未及早接受检测的主要原因。各国在艾滋病毒检测实践中均存在异质性。总体而言，主要是在医疗保健提供者的倡议下（65％），在基层医疗（38％）和专科诊所（21％）中最频繁地进行测试。在知情同意后，对61％的患者进行了测试，其中31％接受了测试前咨询，78％接受了测试后咨询，71％参与了伴侣通知，92％的患者在诊断后三个月接受了护理。结果表明，艾滋病毒检测是在多种环境下进行的，这表明提供了多种艾滋病毒检测途径。艾滋病毒检测实践正在规范化，较少侧重于检测前咨询，而侧重于检测后随访。测试的主要障碍集中在拒绝风险上。需要做出努力，以同时提高公众对HIV风险和HIV检测益处的认识，并培训临床医生更主动地提供HIV检测。

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