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Fast and slow advances toward a deeper integration of theory and empiricism

机译：快速和缓慢进展朝着更深入的理论和经验主义融入

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摘要

In this article, we present a modern commentary on Ludwig, Jones, and Holling's classic paper, "Qualitative analysis of insect outbreak systems: the spruce budworm and forest," published in the Journal of Animal Ecology in 1978. In contrast to papers that become classics for advancing one big idea, Ludwig et al.'s contribution is striking for its breadth of impact. It has become a foundational reference in areas as disparate as insect ecology and management, alternative stable states, the effects of natural enemies, and the separation of time scales between fast- and slow-changing variables. Interestingly, the paper is not generally remembered as an attempt to bridge the divide between theoretical and empirical ecologists, as we will show, even though this is how the authors motivated their work. In this commentary, we examine the expected and unexpected ways Ludwig et al. (J Anim Ecol 47:315-332, 1978) have found a place in modern ecological thought.
机译：在本文中，我们对Ludwig，琼斯和Holling的经典论文提供了现代评论，“昆虫爆发系统的定性分析：1978年在动物生态学杂志上发表的”云杉芽丝和森林“。与作品形成对比 推进一个大想法的经典，Ludwig等人的贡献是引人注目的影响。 它已成为昆虫生态和管理，替代稳定状态，自然敌人的影响以及快速和缓慢变化变量之间的时间尺度分离的区域的基础引用。 有趣的是，本文通常不记得作为弥合理论和经验生态学家之间的鸿沟的尝试，因为我们将展示，即使这是作者如何激励他们的工作。 在这方面，我们检查了Ludwig等人的预期和意外方式。 （J Anim Ecol 47：315-332,1978）在现代生态思想中找到了一个地方。

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