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Increasing proportion of late testers among AIDS cases in Italy, 1996-2002.

机译：1996-2002年，意大利艾滋病患者中晚期测试者的比例增加。

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In recent years, the proportion of individuals who are unaware of being infected with HIV when diagnosed with AIDS (defined as 'late testers') has dramatically increased in several European countries, including Italy. We evaluated the extent and determinants of late testing and its impact in terms of AIDS-defining illnesses among AIDS cases reported to the Italian National AIDS Registry since 1996. Late testers were defined as those persons whose first positive HIV test result was within six months of the AIDS diagnosis. Late testers were more likely to be heterosexual contacts or MSWM, as opposed to IDUs. They were also more likely to come from low prevalence areas of Italy or from foreign countries. At AIDS diagnosis, late testers were less likely to be undergoing HAART or prophylaxis against PCP/toxoplasmosis, compared to non-late testers. The mean CD4 cell count at AIDS diagnosis was significantly lower among late testers. PCP, toxoplasmosis and Kaposi's sarcoma were more frequently diagnosed as anAIDS-defining illness in late testers, who also had a significantly higher risk of presenting with multiple concomitant AIDS-defining illnesses. In conclusion, late testing results in missed opportunities for preventing and treating HIV infection, leading to an increased risk of developing preventable opportunistic infections and death.
机译：近年来，在包括意大利在内的几个欧洲国家中，被诊断出患有艾滋病时不知道自己感染了艾滋病病毒的个体比例（定义为“后期测试者”）急剧增加。我们评估了自1996年以来向意大利国家艾滋病注册局报告的艾滋病病例中，晚期检测的程度和决定因素及其影响，以定义艾滋病的疾病为依据。晚期检测者定义为那些在HIV检测结果首次出现阳性后六个月内的人艾滋病诊断。与IDU相对，后期测试者更可能是异性恋者或MSWM。他们也更有可能来自意大利或其他国家的低患病率地区。在进行艾滋病诊断时，与非晚期检测者相比，晚期检测者接受HAART或预防PCP /弓形体病的可能性较小。在艾滋病诊断中，平均CD4细胞计数在晚期测试者中明显较低。在晚期测试者中，五氯苯酚，弓形体病和卡波济肉瘤更常被诊断为是定义艾滋病的疾病，而这些人同时患有多种定义为艾滋病的疾病的风险也较高。总之，后期测试导致错过了预防和治疗HIV感染的机会，导致发展为可预防的机会感染和死亡的风险增加。

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