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Current approaches to increase blood donations in resource-limited countries

机译：目前提高资源有限国家献血的方法

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Background Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) suffer from chronic or seasonal blood shortage. The first review was published in 2007. Methods The review of literature since 2005 presented here uncovered a fairly large number of articles justifying the grouping of blood donation issues into five geographical areas sharing common background. These are Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Muslim countries, India, China/South East Asia and Latin America/Caribbean islands (LA&C). Results SSA countries start collecting at 16-18 years of age in schools where female donors can be reached better than in other settings. Community-oriented culture favours family donors who need, similar to volunteer non-remunerated donors (VNRD), to be actively induced to repeat donation. Muslim countries share the contradiction of religion encouraging blood donation but restrain women from donating. The active involvement of religious leaders and the progressive easing of female participation are the keys to increasing blood donation. In India, 'social duty' is a major inducement to blood donation but also benefits and rewards. Ways of involving female donors by reducing the donation age to 16 years and providing donor education in schools need to be considered. In China and East Asia, the option of small-volume donation impairs blood collection without being justified by scientific evidence but is a concession to culture. Reducing the donation age would also help the supply. In LA&C, the concept of 'social capital' was developed as a complement or alternative to the theory of planned behaviour. Conclusions Strategies to improve blood donation and repeat donation should be innovative and adapted to local or regional culture and environment.
机译：背景下，中等收入国家（LMIC）患有慢性或季节性短缺。第一次审查于2007年发布。方法自2005年以来的文献审查在此揭示了一项相当大量的文章，证明献血问题的分组为共享共同背景的五个地理区域。这些是撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），穆斯林国家，印度，中国/东南亚和拉丁美洲/加勒比群岛（La＆C）。结果SSA国家在学校的16-18岁开始于16-18岁，在其他环境中可以更好地达到女性捐赠者。以社区为导向的文化有利于需要的家庭捐助者，类似于志愿者无报酬捐助者（VNRD），以积极诱导重复捐赠。穆斯林国家分享宗教的矛盾鼓励献血献血，但抑制妇女捐赠。宗教领袖的积极参与和女性参与的逐步缓解是增加献血的关键。在印度，“社会职责”是对献血的主要诱惑，但也有利于和奖励。通过减少捐赠年龄至16岁并在学校提供捐助教育的方式，涉及女性捐赠者的方法。在中国和东亚，小批量捐赠的选择损害了血液收集而不受科学证据的合理，而是对文化的特许权。减少捐赠年龄也将有助于供应。在La＆C，“社会资本”的概念被制定为计划行为理论的补充或替代品。结论改善献血和重复捐赠的策略应该是创新的，适应当地或区域文化和环境。

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