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Instrumented bikes and their use in studies on transportation behaviour, safety, and maintenance

机译：仪器自行车及其在运输行为，安全性和维护研究中的使用

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摘要

Instrumented bikes are a critical tool to understanding cyclist behaviour and preferences to incorporate cycling into modelling, designing, and planning the transportation system. Literature using instrumented bikes for transportation-related research has increased in popularity, especially in the last 6 years. As these studies are growing in number and maturity, now seems a good time to review how the bikes have been used, choices of sensors and methodology, and where there are gaps to be filled by future work. Therefore, the objectives of this literature review are to 1) discuss sensor choice in relation to methodology, 2) review findings from topics studied using instrumented bikes, and 3) discuss gaps in the literature. Two databases were searched for transportation-based literature using instrumented bikes with a total of 75 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The literature was organised into nine focus areas with the most common topics being E-bikes, vehicles passing cyclists, and critical events. The results show that instrumented bikes are versatile tools that can shed light on a variety of aspects of cyclist behaviour and safety as well as how to maintain the system for them. Various sensors were used for these studies, but cameras, GPS, and accelerometers were the most common. The review highlights the importance of study technique (naturalistic vs quasi-naturalistic vs other) on sensor choice with GPS and/or cameras being critical to any naturalistic study. However, GPS and cameras are the most challenging data types to work with due to difficulty and the time-consuming nature of processing the data. The variation in sensors also suggests some need to standardise set-ups for comparison of data across international contexts. Areas for future research are also discussed, including a new perspective for passing-distance studies and incorporating instrumented bikes into the connected vehicle/infrastructure space.
机译：仪器自行车是理解骑自行车的行为和偏好，将循环进入建模，设计和规划运输系统的关键工具。对于与运输相关的研究使用仪器自行车的文献已经增加了普及，特别是在过去的6年里。由于这些研究在数量和成熟度上增长，现在似乎是审查自行车已经使用的好时机，传感器和方法选择，以及未来工作填补的空白。因此，本文综述的目标是1）讨论与方法论相关的传感器选择，2）使用仪器自行车研究的主题审查调查结果，以及3）讨论文献中的差距。使用仪器自行车搜索两个数据库，使用仪器的自行车，共有75篇会议标准的文章。这些文献被组织成九个焦点领域，最常见的主题是电子自行车，车辆通过骑自行车者和关键事件。结果表明，仪器的自行车是多功能的工具，可以在骑自行车的行为和安全的各种方面揭示光线，以及如何为它们保持系统。各种传感器用于这些研究，但相机，GPS和加速度计是最常见的。该综述突出了研究技术（自然主义VS准自然VS Other）对传感器选择的重要性，GPS和/或摄像机对任何自然主义研究至关重要。然而，由于处理数据的难度和耗时性，GPS和摄像机是最具挑战性的数据类型。传感器的变化还表明有些需要标准化设置以进行国际上下文的数据比较。还讨论了未来研究的领域，包括通过远程研究的新视角，并将仪器自行车纳入连接的车辆/基础设施空间。

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