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Review on small ruminant conservation status and prospects in India

机译：印度小反刍动物保护状况及前景综述

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Small ruminants always play a major role in the agricultural economy of India. They provide livelihoods to numerous small and marginal farmers. The diversity of small ruminant population is enormous in the country which contributes to agrarian economy. However, the genetic variety is now at risk due to indiscriminate cross-breeding, and change is farmer's preference towards high-producing breeds. The population statistics is showing a declining trend for the past several years. During time of climate change and outbreak of novel diseases, this genetic diversity is important as consumer preferences and climate is bound to change in future. So to ensure fitness and vitality in future populations of food-producing animals, and to keep genetic options open, access to greater diversity of genetic material will always be required. The native breeds of the country also possess several characteristics of disease tolerance, high fecundity and specific products which make them unique in their own aspect. Hence, conservation programmes should be adopted to maintain this large diversity of small ruminants. It may involve tradition practices followed by pastoralists or modern reproductive technologies like MOET. The government has taken several steps towards conservation and national institutes like NBAGR works for evaluation and conservation of native genetic diversity. However, better awareness among famers and improving of conservational approaches will go a long way in sustainable management of sheep and goat genetic resources.
机译：小型反刍动物始终在印度的农业经济中发挥着重要作用。他们为众多小而边缘的农民提供生计。小型反刍动物种群的多样性在贡献土地经济的国家是巨大的。然而，遗传品种现在存在由于不分青红皂白的交叉育种，而变化是农民对高产品种的偏好。人口统计数据显示过去几年的趋势。在气候变化和新型疾病爆发的时候，这种遗传多样性是因为消费者偏好和气候必然会发生变化。因此，为了确保未来的食品动物种群的健身和活力，并保持遗传选择开放，总是需要获得更大的遗传物质多样性。该国的本土品种还具有疾病耐受性，高繁殖力和特定产品的几种特征，使其在自己的方面具有独特。因此，应采用保护计划来维持这种大型的小型反刍动物。它可能涉及传统实践，然后是Moit等牧民或现代生殖技术。政府采取了几个步骤，迈出了NBAGR等保护和国家机构，用于评估和保护原生遗传多样性。然而，在绵羊和山羊遗传资源的可持续管理方面，更好地了解着名人和改善保护方法。

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