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An assessment of genetic diversity and population structures of fifteen Vietnamese indigenous pig breeds for supporting the decision making on conservation strategies

机译：关于十五越南土着猪种群遗传多样性和人口结构的评估，支持保护策略决策

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The study aimed to characterize genetic diversity, genetic clusters, and phylogenetic relationships of 15 Vietnamese indigenous pig breeds across the country for supporting the decision making of the conservation strategies. For this purpose, 638 samples from the breeds together with two wild pig breeds and an exotic breed were genotyped with 19 microsatellite markers recommended from FAO/ISAG for diversity studies. The higher genetic diversity was observed for indigenous breeds (mean He = 0.67) and wild breeds (mean He = 0.74); the indigenous CoAluoi breed compared the out-breed Landrace (He = 0.59). Fifteen percent of the genetic variation came from differences among breeds. The unrooted neighbor-joining dendrogram obtained from Nei's genetic distances showed three nodes with 100% supported bootstrap values. The first node included the three indigenous breeds (Hung, LungPu, and MuongKhuong), the second node included the indigenous BaXuyen and the exotic Landrace, and the third node included the two wild Thailand and Vietnam pig breeds. The discriminant analysis of principal component (DAPC) of 18 studied breeds resulted in 12 genetic clusters. Unlike the other indigenous breeds, the BaXuyen was in the same genetic cluster with the exotic Landrace-which agreed with the 100% bootstrap value of their node-so the BaXuyen should not be conserved. The five indigenous pig breeds-Huong, VanPa, Soc, ChuProng, and CoAluoi-were assigned to their own clusters, which agreed with the low supported bootstrap values of their nodes. These five breeds should be in the high conservation priority. Finally, the 9 indigenous pig breeds (MuongKhuong, LungPu, Hung, TapNa, MongCai, HaLang, Lung, Meo, and Ban breeds) formed four genetic admixture structures. These results suggest the conservation strategies should be built based on from five to nine pig groups thus reducing the cost of conservation whereas still remaining the genetic diversity of the studied breeds.
机译：该研究旨在表征全国15个越南土着猪品种的遗传多样性，遗传群和系统发育关系，以支持保护策略的决策。为此目的，来自品种的638个样品与两只野生猪品种和异国情调的品种进行了基因分型，其中包括粮农组织/ isag用于多样性研究的19微卫星标记。对于本土品种（意味着= 0.67）和野生品种（意味着他= 0.74），观察到更高的遗传多样性;土着煤炭繁殖比较外出的土地（他= 0.59）。十五％的遗传变异来自品种之间的差异。从Nei的遗传距离获得的未加速邻近的树木图显示了三个节点，其中100％支持的引导值。第一个节点包括三个土着品种（洪，肺浦和Muogkhuong），第二节节节点包括土着巴西亚和异国情调的地兰，第三个节点包括两种野生泰国和越南猪品种。第18次研究的主要成分（DAPC）的判别分析导致12种遗传簇。与其他土着品种不同，Baxuyen与异国情调的Landrace相同的遗传集群 - 这与其节点的100％引导价值同意 - 所以巴克鲁森不应该被保守。五个土着猪品种 - 杨，vanpa，soc，chuprong和煤炭分配给自己的群集，这与他们节点的低支持的引导值同意。这五种品种应在高保优先考虑。最后，9种土着猪品种（Muogkhuong，Lungpu，Hung，Takna，Mongcai，Halang，Lung，Meo和Ban品种）形成了四种遗传混合物结构。这些结果表明保护策略应基于五到九头猪群构建，从而降低了保护成本，而仍仍然留下学习品种的遗传多样性。

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