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首页> 外文期刊>The Horticulture Journal >Utility of Parthenocarpic Interspecific Hybrids Between Vaccinium corymbosum and Vaccinium virgatum for Breeding Blueberry Cultivars Suitable for Cluster Harvesting
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Utility of Parthenocarpic Interspecific Hybrids Between Vaccinium corymbosum and Vaccinium virgatum for Breeding Blueberry Cultivars Suitable for Cluster Harvesting

机译：用于育种植物植物和痘苗病毒疫苗植物的纯合适，适用于群体栽培品种

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摘要

Blueberries are handpicked because of irregular maturation of fruits within clusters. Therefore, harvesting is labor intensive and results in a short shelf life of the product. Cluster harvesting, as performed for grapes, could solve these problems. Previously, we produced many interspecific hybrids between the highbush blueberry (HB; Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and rabbiteye blueberry (RB; Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) and found that some individuals were parthenocarpic and maturation of berries within fruit clusters was relatively uniform. In the present study, we investigated the degree of parthenocarpy and suitability of the hybrids for cluster harvesting and considered the use of parthenocarpic hybrids to breed cultivars for cluster harvesting. The degree of parthenocarpy was evaluated in 21 blueberry plants (hybrids and cultivars) based on the average fruit set without pollination. It was found that 2 hybrid individuals had the highest frequencies of parthenocarpy and their fruit set and weight were close to those of pollinated fruits; moreover, pollinated fruits of these hybrids were seedless. Thereafter, the uniformity of flowering and fruit maturation was evaluated, and the 2 hybrids showed a relatively uniform maturity of fruits in a cluster; furthermore, fruit dropping occurred later. In addition, correlation analysis was performed for 5 parameters related to parthenocarpy and suitability for cluster harvesting. For seeded fruits, it was found that the flowers that bloomed earlier in a cluster formed a fruit containing more seeds and matured earlier. Comparison of cluster and individual harvesting showed that the percentages of mature fruits within clusters in the 2 hybrids were markedly higher than those in the HB cultivars. Moreover, cluster harvesting of the hybrids greatly shortened the working time needed for harvest and subsequent fruit sorting to 59% of that of individual harvesting. Thus, the 2 hybrids that had a higher degree of parthenocarpy than that in the existing blueberry cultivars were assessed to be highly suitable for cluster harvesting. Factors underlying this suitability may be related to the seedlessness of interspecific hybrids. These results suggest that interspecific hybridization between HB and RB is useful as a breeding method to produce cultivars suitable for cluster harvesting.
机译：由于簇内的果实不规则成熟，蓝莓被手绘。因此，收获是劳动密集型，并导致产品的短保质期。为葡萄进行的集群收获可以解决这些问题。以前，我们在高碱基蓝莓（HB; vaccinium umbosum L.）和兔子蓝莓（Rb; vaccinium v​​irgatum aiton）之间产生了许多种间杂种。发现一些人是疗法和果实簇内的浆果成熟相对均匀。在本研究中，我们调查了杂种的杂种和适用性对簇收获，并考虑使用寄生虫杂交体来培育群体收割品种。基于没有授粉的平均水果套装在21种蓝莓植物（杂交种和品种）中评估了幼大植物的程度。结果发现，2个杂交个体具有最高频率的疗效，它们的水果组和体重接近授粉水果;此外，这些杂种的授粉果实是无籽。此后，评价开花和果实成熟的均匀性，并且2杂种在簇中显示出相对均匀的水果成熟度;此外，稍后发生水果滴。此外，对与舱室同质的5个参数进行相关性分析，适用于集群收获。对于播种的水果，发现簇中盛开的花朵形成含有更多种子并更早地成熟的水果。集群和单独收获的比较表明，2杂种中簇内的成熟果实的百分比明显高于HB品种中的成熟果实。此外，杂种的簇收获大大缩短了收获所需的工作时间和随后的水果分类的59％，只占个人收获的59％。因此，评估了比现有的蓝莓品种更高程度的占疗法的杂种，以非常适合于簇收获。这种适用性的因素可能与三种杂种的无籽有关。这些结果表明，Hb和Rb之间的间隙杂交可用作生产适合于簇收获的品种的育种方法。

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