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Sexing a Monomorphic Plumage Seabird Using Morphometrics and Assortative Mating

机译：使用monomorphic羽毛海鸟使用morphometrics和分类交配

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摘要

This study aimed to establish a reliable method based on morphometrics to sex Long-tailed Jaeger (Stercorarius longicaudus), a specks with slight differences in body size between sexes but no plumage differences. The presence of assortative mating based on size was also examined to determine if within-pair differences in size could improve sexing. Seventy-six Long-tailed Jaegers were measured. including 26 breeding pairs, on Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada) during summers 2014-2018. Bird weight, wing chord, tarsus, head, and tail feathers were measured, and breast feathers were collected to determine sex with DNA extracts. A first discriminant function based on two variables (body mass and wing chord) accurately sexed 83% of birds. Some evidence for positive assortative mating based on size was found, as body mass of pair members was positively related, and 88% of females were heavier than their partner. A second discriminant function that included body mass, wing chord, length of the central tail feather, and partner's body mass accurately sexed 92% of birds. Adding a new morphometric and information from the partner allowed a reduction in sex misclassification by half (17% vs. 8%). In conclusion, external body measurements are useful to sex Long-tailed Jaegers, a slightly dimorphic species, and measurements of both members of a pair considerably improve the accuracy of sexing, likely due to the presence of assortative mating.
机译：本研究旨在建立一种基于形态学测量学的可靠方法，对性长尾Jaeger（Stercorarius longicaulus），一种斑点，性别之间的身体大小差异，但没有羽毛差异。还研究了基于大小的分类配合的存在，以确定大小的对差异是否可以改善性别。测量了七十六的长尾Jaegers。包括在2014 - 2018年夏天的Bylot Island（Nunavut，加拿大纳韦特岛）的26对繁殖对。测量禽类重，翼弦，塔斯固，头部和尾羽，收集乳房羽毛以确定性别与DNA提取物。基于两个变量（体重和翼弦）的第一判别功能，准确地性行为83％的鸟类。基于大小的阳性零类交配的一些证据被发现，因为对成员呈正相关的体重相关，88％的女性比其伴侣重。第二个判别函数包括体重，翼弦，中央尾羽长度，伴侣的体重准确地患了92％的鸟类。从伴侣中添加新的形态学和信息允许减少性错误分类一半（17％与8％）。总之，外部体测量对于性尾锦鸡，略微二态物种和对两种成员的测量有用，这两种成员的测量都显着提高性别的准确性，可能是由于各种交配的存在。

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