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A Comparison of Risk and Protective Factors Related to Depressive Symptoms among American Indian and Caucasian Older Adults

机译：与美国印度和白种人老年人抑郁症状有关的风险与保护因子的比较

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摘要

Despite efforts to reduce health disparities, many American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) populations, including older adults, experience elevated levels of depression and associated suicide. Although adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and social support are well-documented risk and protective factors for depression in the general population, little is known about AI/AN populations, especially older adults. The purpose of this study was to examine factors related to depression among a sample of AI older adults in the Midwest. Data were collected using a self-administered survey completed by 479 AI and Caucasian respondents over the age of 50. The survey included standardized measures such as the Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form, ACE Questionnaire, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Hierarchical multivariate regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the main hypotheses of the study. Results indicate that two dimensions of ACEs (childhood neglect and household dysfunction) were positively associated with depressive symptoms; social support was negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Perceived health and living alone were also significant predictors of depressive symptoms. ACEs may play a significant role in depression among AI/AN populations across the life course and into old age. Social support offers a promising mechanism to bolster resilience among AI/AN older adults.
机译：尽管努力减少卫生差异，但许多美国印度和阿拉斯加本土（AI / AN）群体，包括老年人，经历较高的抑郁症和相关自杀。虽然不利的童年经历（ACE）和社会支持是一般人口抑郁症的风险和保护因素，但对于AI /一个人口而言，尤其是老年人来说都很少。本研究的目的是检查与中西部的AI老年人样本中的抑郁症的因素。使用479岁的AI和白种人受访者完成的自我管理调查收集数据。调查包括标准化措施，如老年人抑郁症 - 短期形式，ACE调查问卷和感知社会支持的多维规模。进行分层多元回归分析，以评估研究的主要假设。结果表明，两种ACE（儿童疏忽和家用功能障碍）与抑郁症状有关;社会支持与抑郁症状负面相关。仅感知健康和生活也是抑郁症状的重要预测因子。 ACES可能在整个生命课程的AI /群体中的抑郁症中发挥重要作用。社会支持提供了一个有希望的机制，在AI /较老的成年人中蹦蹦同类。

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