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Sex differences in sleep and sleep loss-induced cognitive deficits: The influence of gonadal hormones

机译：睡眠和睡眠损失引起的认知赤字的性差异：性腺激素的影响

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Males and females can respond differentially to the same environmental stimuli and experimental conditions. Chronic sleep loss is a frequent and growing problem in many modern societies and has a broad variety of negative outcomes for health and well-being. While much has been done to explore the deleterious effects of sleep deprivation (SD) on cognition in both human and animal studies over the last few decades, very little attention has been paid to the part played by sex differences and gonadal steroids in respect of changes in cognitive functions caused by sleep loss. The effects of gonadal hormones on sleep regulation and cognitive performances are well established. Reduced gonadal function in menopausal women and elderly men is associated with sleep disturbances and cognitive decline as well as dementia, which suggests that sex steroids play a key role in modulating these conditions. Finding out whether there are sex differences in respect of the effect of insufficient sleep on cognition, and how neuroendocrine mediators influence cognitive impairment induced by SD could provide valuable insights into the best therapies for each sex. In this review, we aim to highlight the involvement of sex differences and gonadal hormone status on the severity of cognitive deficits induced by sleep deficiency in both human and animal studies.
机译：雄性和女性可以差异地反应相同的环境刺激和实验条件。慢性睡眠损失是许多现代社会的频繁和不断增长的问题，并且具有各种各样的健康和福祉的负面结果。在过去几十年中，探讨了睡眠剥夺（SD）对人类和动物研究中的认知的有害影响的影响，因此对性别差异和性腺类固醇在变化方面的作用很少关注在睡眠损失引起的认知功能中。 Gonadal激素对睡眠调节和认知性能的影响是很好的。减少更年期妇女和老年人的Gonadal功能与睡眠紊乱和认知下降以及痴呆症相关，这表明性类固醇在调节这些条件方面发挥着关键作用。了解对认知睡眠不足的影响是否存在性别差异，以及神经内分泌调解员如何影响SD诱导的认知障碍可以为每种性别的最佳疗法提供有价值的见解。在这篇综述中，我们的目标是突出性差异和性差异的参与，并对人类和动物研究中的睡眠缺乏症引起的认知缺陷严重性的累积。

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