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首页> 外文期刊>Trends in Ecology & Evolution >Hydrochemical impact of the hydraulic tunnel on groundwater in the complex aquifer system in Pirot, Serbia
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Hydrochemical impact of the hydraulic tunnel on groundwater in the complex aquifer system in Pirot, Serbia

机译：塞尔维亚Pirot含水层系统液压隧洞对地下水的水化工影响

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This hydrogeochemical research was conducted to improve the understanding of (1) groundwater flow and its hydrochemical evolution in a complex karst-fissured aquifer system, and (2) the interaction between groundwater and water transported via hydraulic tunnel of the hydropower plant (Pirot, Serbia). The tunnel traverses the main fault zones between two regionally important tectonic units, Getic and Danubian, allowing deep groundwater circulation and higher infiltration of groundwater into the tunnels. Water samples were collected at the surface and within the tunnels in four different sampling campaigns, depending on the tunnel operational regime in 2016, and measurements of physicochemical parameters (pH, ORP, EC, T) and groundwater sampling for chemical analysis (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Sr, Li, HCO3, SO4, Cl, NO3, H2S) were conducted. This was a unique opportunity to investigate hydrochemical processes based on groundwater leakage along the tunnel profile line. The main problem is compounded by the fact that it is a hydraulic tunnel that transports water under pressure, thereby interacting with the hydrogeological environment. Changes in the tunnel operational mode cause hydraulic changes in the hydrogeological environment, which is a key part of this research. The presence of different hydrochemical facies appearing in the tunnel (from Na-Cl through Na-HCO3 to Ca(Mg)-HCO3 water types) pointed to the complexity of the hydrogeological system in the shallow, and deep groundwater flow systems developed in karst and fissured aquifer. Heterogeneity of bedrock had an important influence on the hydrochemical conditions accompanied by processes revealed through hydrochemical and multivariate statistical analysis: hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA). The main processes are defined as (1) dissolution processes in hypogenic conditions of the karst hydrogeological system, associated with high mineralization of groundwater, (2) cation exchange process, (3) the dissolution of different types of carbonate bedrock. A combined approach of multivariate statistical analysis and standard hydrochemical methods enabled the separation of groundwater with the highest compositional changes as points of the strongest artificial influence in the narrow tunnel zone.
机译：进行了这种水文地产化学研究，提高了对复杂的岩溶含水层系统中的（1）地下水流量及其水利化学演变的理解，（2）通过水电站液压隧道运输地下水和水之间的相互作用（Pirot，塞尔维亚）。隧道穿过两个区域重要构造单元，Getic和Danubian之间的主断层区域，允许深层地下水循环和地下水的渗透到隧道。在四个不同的采样运动中收集水样，并在四个不同的采样运动中收集，这取决于2016年的隧道运营制度，以及用于化学分析的物理化学参数（pH，ORP，EC，T）和地下水采样的测量（CA，Mg进行，进行Na，K，Sr，Li，HCO3，SO4，Cl，NO3，H2S）。这是根据隧道轮廓线的地下水泄漏来调查水利化学过程的独特机会。主要问题是通过将水在压力下运输水的液压隧道复杂，从而与水文地质环境相互作用。隧道运营模式的变化导致水文地质环境中的液压变化，这是本研究的关键部分。出现在隧道中的不同水化学相（从Na-Cl到Ca（Mg）-HCO3水类型）指向喀斯特浅层和深层地下水流动系统中的水文地质系统的复杂性。裂缝含水层。基石的异质性对通过水化和多变量统计分析显示的过程伴随的水化学条件的重要影响：分层聚类分析（HCA）和主成分分析（PCA）。主要方法定义为喀斯特水文地质系统的乳糖条件下的（1）溶解过程，与地下水的高矿化相关，（2）阳离子交换过程，（3）不同类型的碳酸盐基岩溶解。多变量统计分析的组合方法和标准水化学方法使地下水的分离具有最高的组成变化作为窄隧道区中最强的人为影响点。

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