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Selection on stability across ecological scales

机译:跨生态尺度的稳定性选择

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摘要

Much of the focus in evolutionary biology has been on the adaptive differentiation among organisms. It is equally important to understand the processes that result in similarities of structure among systems. Here, we discuss examples of similarities occurring at different ecological scales, from predator–prey relations (attack rates and handling times) through communities (foodweb structures) to ecosystem properties. Selection among systemic configurations or patterns that differ in their intrinsic stability should lead generally to increased representation of relatively stable structures. Such nonadaptive, but selective processes that shape ecological communities offer an enticing mechanism for generating widely observed similarities, and have sparked new interest in stability properties. This nonadaptive systemic selection operates not in opposition to, but in parallel with, adaptive evolution.
机译:在进化生物学中的大部分焦点一直在有机体之间的适应性分化。 理解系统之间的结构相似的过程同样重要。 在这里,我们讨论通过社区(FOORWEB结构)到生态系统属性的捕食者 - 猎物关系(攻击率和处理时间)以不同生态尺度发生的相似之处的示例。 在其内在稳定性不同的系统配置或模式中的选择通常应该导致相对稳定的结构的表示增加。 这种非接种力,但选择生态社区的选择性过程提供了产生广泛观察到的相似性的诱导机制,并且引发了对稳定性特性的新兴趣。 这种非接受的全身选择不与反对,但与自适应演变平行。

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