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首页> 外文期刊>HortScience >Cultivar Selection and Placement of Shadecloth on Midwest High Tunnels Affects Colored Bell Pepper Yield, Fruit Quality, and Plant Growth
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Cultivar Selection and Placement of Shadecloth on Midwest High Tunnels Affects Colored Bell Pepper Yield, Fruit Quality, and Plant Growth

机译：在中西部高隧道上的ShadeCloth的品种选择和放置影响彩色甜椒产量，水果质量和植物生长

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摘要

Growing colored bell peppers in high tunnels enhances fruit quality and accelerates ripening. While there are benefits to high tunnel pepper production, increased heat inside the structures can lead to plant stress, blossom drop, sunscald, and reduced marketable yields. The objective of this study was to test shadecloth treatments placed on high tunnels to mitigate heat stress and improve colored bell pepper yield and fruit quality, while also identifying cultivars that perform well within Midwest high tunnel systems. Research was conducted at the Iowa State University Horticulture Research Station (Ames, IA) from 11 May to 11 Oct. in 2017 and 3 May to 9 Oct. in 2018. Six single-poly passively ventilated Quonset high tunnels were used for the experiment. The shade treatments (no shadecloth, 30% light-reducing shadecloth, and 50% light-reducing shadecloth) were applied in June of each season. Within each shade treatment, there were three randomized complete blocks of the seven colored bell pepper cultivars (Archimedes, Delirio, Flavorburst, Red Knight, Sirius, Summer Sweet, and Tequila). Data were collected on yield, fruit quality, and plant growth characteristics. Environmental parameters were monitored throughout the growing season. Both the 30% and 50% shadecloth treatments reduced monthly average and maximum air temperatures within high tunnels, with the largest differences occurring in the months of July and August. The use of a shadecloth reduced the incidence of sunscald by 59% between no shade and 50% shadecloth treatments. While there was no difference between 30% and 50% shade treatments, the use of 50% shadecloth caused a decrease in both marketable number (32%) and weight (29%) of pepper fruit compared with the control. 'Tequila', 'Delirio', and 'Flavorburst' had more marketable fruit per plant. Shade treatments did not affect fruit soluble solids content (SSC), pH, or total titratable acidity (TTA). Shade treatments had no effect on Soil Plant Analysis Development (SPAD) readings, shoot biomass, the number of leaves per plant or the total leaf area per plant; however, plant height increased by an average 14.5 cm for plants under shadecloth treatments. Average leaf size was 11.2 cm(2) larger on plants grown under the 50% shadecloth, compared with the control. Several cultivar differences existed for each fruit quality and plant growth parameter. While differences in fruit quality and plant growth parameters were limited among shade treatments, decreasing marketable yield is concerning. Our research suggests that Midwest growers should not exceed 30% light-reducing shadecloth on their high tunnels for colored bell pepper production.
机译：越来越多的彩色甜椒高隧道提高果实品质，加速成熟。虽然有高的隧道辣椒生产效益，增加热量的结构内可导致植物的逆境，开花下降，日灼，并降低销售收益。本研究的目的是要置于高隧道，以减轻热应力，提高着色柿子椒产量和品质的同时，还识别中西部高隧道系统内运行良好品种测试shadecloth治疗。研究是在爱荷华州立大学园艺研究站（艾姆斯，IA）从5月11日在2017年和5月3日2018年六单聚被动通风半圆拱高的隧道是用于实验进行到10月11日至10月九日阴凉处的处理（没有shadecloth，30％减光shadecloth，和50％的减光shadecloth）在每个季节的六月施加。在每个遮阳处理，有三个随机的七彩甜椒品种（阿基米德，Delirio，Flavorburst，红色骑士，天狼星，夏甜，和龙舌兰酒）的完整块。收集资料，对产量，果实品质和植物生长特性。在整个生长季节环境参数进行监测。无论是30％和50％shadecloth治疗高隧道内降低月平均和最高气温，在七月和八月的几个月中发生的最大的不同之处。使用shadecloth的由59％减少无灯罩和50％shadecloth治疗之间日灼的发生率。虽然有30％和50％的遮阳治疗之间没有差异，使用50％shadecloth的两个销售数（32％）和胡椒果实的重量（29％）与对照相比引起的降低。 “龙舌兰”，“Delirio”和“Flavorburst”有单株更多适销对路的水果。遮荫处理不影响水果可溶性固形物含量（SSC），pH值，或总可滴定酸度（TTA）。遮荫处理对土壤植物分析发展（SPAD）读数，地上部生物量，单株或单株总叶面积的叶片数没有影响;然而，株高平均增加14.5厘米下shadecloth处理植物。平均叶大小为11.2厘米（2）的50％shadecloth下生长的植物时，与对照组相比。存在了每个果实品质和植物生长参数几个品种的差异。而在果实品质和植物生长参数差异遮荫处理间的限制，降低销售产量有关。我们的研究表明，中西部地区的种植者应不超过30％的减光对他们的高隧道彩色甜椒生产shadecloth。

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