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Current situation, causes, and countermeasures to NIP vaccine shortages in Guangzhou, China

机译：中国广州疫苗短缺的现状，原因及对策

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摘要

From 2017 to 2018, Guangzhou experienced a shortage in 3-6 types of National Immunization Program (NIP) vaccines. To evaluate the current situation and causes of the NIP vaccine shortage, we analysed the duration, intensity and causes of the shortage from data in the vaccine information system of the Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention; we also proposed countermeasures to resolve the shortage. In 2017, there were shortages of three types of NIP vaccines in Guangzhou. The most affected vaccines were inactivated poliovirus (IPV) vaccine and meningococcal group AC (MenAC) vaccine, accounting for 39.5% and 16.5% of the reported shortages, respectively. In 2018, the shortage extended to six vaccine types; the most affected were diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP) vaccine, MenAC vaccine, and Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccine. The four main causes for the shortage were: 1) an insufficient production capacity; 2) a delay in batch issuance; 3) vaccine-related events; and 4) an extended bidding procurement cycle. Four solutions are proposed: 1) expand production output; 2) exempt creditworthy enterprises from batch inspections; 3) establish alternative enterprises and emergency use authorizations; and 4) establish public health funds and stockpile storage systems.
机译：从2017年到2018年，广州经历了3-6种国家免疫计划（NIP）疫苗的短缺。为了评估NIP疫苗短缺的当前情况和原因，我们分析了广州疫苗信息系统中的数据短缺的持续时间，强度和原因，疾病控制和预防。我们还提出了解决短缺问题的对策。 2017年，广州有三种类型的凝乳疫苗。受影响最大的疫苗被灭活的脊髓灰质炎（IPV）疫苗和脑膜炎球菌族AC（MENAC）疫苗，分别占报告短缺的39.5％和16.5％。 2018年，短缺扩展到六种疫苗类型;受影响最大的是白喉，破伤风和百日咳（DTP）疫苗，Menac疫苗和Bacille Calmetteguerin（BCG）疫苗。短缺的四个主要原因是：1）生产能力不足; 2）批量发行延迟; 3）疫苗相关的事件; 4）扩展招标采购周期。提出了四种解决方案：1）扩大产量; 2）免于批量检查的信贷企业; 3）建立替代企业和紧急使用授权; 4）建立公共卫生资金和库存储存系统。

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