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首页> 外文期刊>Alcohol >Alcohol abuse and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections: Consideration of virulence factors and impaired immune responses
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Alcohol abuse and Streptococcus pneumoniae infections: Consideration of virulence factors and impaired immune responses

机译：酗酒和肺炎链球菌感染：毒性因素和免疫反应受损的考虑

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摘要

Alcohol is the most frequently abused substance in the world. Both acute and chronic alcohol consumption have diverse and well-documented effects on the human immune system, leading to increased susceptibility to infections like bacterial pneumonia. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia worldwide. The frequency and severity of pneumococcal infections in individuals with a history of alcohol abuse is much higher than the general population. Despite this obvious epidemiological relevance, very few experimental studies have focused on the interaction of pneumococci with the immune system of a host acutely or chronically exposed to alcohol. Understanding these host-pathogen interactions is imperative for designing effective prophylactic and therapeutic interventions for such populations. Recent advances in pneumococcal research have greatly improved our understanding of pneumococcal pathogenesis and virulence mechanisms. Additionally, a large body of data is available on the effect of alcohol on the physiology of the lungs and the innate and adaptive immune system of the host. The purpose of this review is to integrate the available knowledge in these diverse areas of for a better understanding of the how the compromised immune system derived from alcohol exposure responds to pneumococcal infections.
机译：酒精是世界上最常见的滥用物质。急性和慢性饮酒都会对人体免疫系统产生多种且有据可查的影响，从而导致对细菌性肺炎等感染的敏感性增加。肺炎链球菌是全世界社区获得性肺炎的最常见细菌病因。有酗酒史的人中肺炎球菌感染的频率和严重程度要比普通人群高得多。尽管存在明显的流行病学相关性，但很少有实验研究集中于肺炎球菌与急性或慢性暴露于酒精的宿主免疫系统的相互作用。了解这些宿主-病原体的相互作用对于设计针对此类人群的有效预防和治疗干预措施至关重要。肺炎球菌研究的最新进展大大提高了我们对肺炎球菌发病机理和毒力机制的认识。此外，关于酒精对肺部生理以及宿主先天性和适应性免疫系统影响的大量数据可供使用。这篇综述的目的是将现有的知识整合到这些不同的领域中，以更好地了解饮酒引起的免疫系统受损如何对肺炎球菌感染做出反应。

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