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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >Comparison of Sexual Reproductive Behaviors in Two Species of Macrobiotidae (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)
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Comparison of Sexual Reproductive Behaviors in Two Species of Macrobiotidae (Tardigrada: Eutardigrada)

机译：两种Macrobiotidae性生殖行为的比较（Tardigada：Eutardigrada）

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摘要

Reproductive strategy is an important aspect of biological diversity. In tardigrades, several reproductive modes, including sexual reproduction, are known. However, tardigrade mating behavior has been observed only rarely in most species, and in some cases, especially in the freely ovipositing eutardigrades, remains entirely unknown. In the present study, we cultured two sexually reproducing tardigrade species that lay eggs freely, Paramacrobiotus sp. TYO strain and Macrobiotus shonaicus, to investigate and compare their courtship, mating, and chromosome morphology. Mating behavior was observed and recorded in both species. The entire mating sequence, including courtship, was categorized into five discrete steps common to two species, as follows: [1] Tracking: the male tracks and orientates toward the female; [2] Touching: the male makes contact with the cloaca of the female; [3] Standstill: the female ceases movement until male ejaculation is complete; [4] Ejaculation: the male curls its caudal end and ejaculates into the cloaca from close range; [5] Contraction: the female contracts its ventral side after ejaculation to capture spermatozoa deposited in the external environment in close proximity to the cloaca. Some notable differences between the two species were observed in the steps 3-4. First, oviposition was observed at 40 min in Paramacrobiotus sp. TYO strain, and a few days after mating in M. shonaicus, respectively. Comparisons of chromosome morphology before and after mating indicated that oocytes are arrested at metaphase I in both species. Spermatozoa attach to the interior of the chorion of laid eggs.
机译：生殖战略是生物多样性的一个重要方面。在Tar​​digrades中，已知几种生殖模式，包括性繁殖。然而，已经在大多数物种中只观察到塔迪拉德交配行为，并且在某些情况下，特别是在自由ovicositing eutardireds中，仍然完全不为人知。在目前的研究中，我们培养了两种性繁殖的婴儿床，可自由地产卵，paramacrobiotus sp。 Tyo菌​​株和Macrobiotus Shonaicus，调查并比较他们的求爱，交配和染色体形态。在这两种物种中观察并记录了交配行为。整个交配序列，包括求爱，分为五个分立步骤，共同为两个物种，如下所示：[1]跟踪：男性轨道和向女性定向; [2]触摸：男性与女性的Claca接触; [3]静止：女性停止运动，直到雄性射精完成; [4]射精：雄性卷曲其尾部并从近距离射入Cloaca; [5]收缩：射精后，雌性伴随射精侧面，以捕获沉积在外部环境中的精子，密切接近泄殖腔。在步骤3-4中观察到两种物种之间的一些显着差异。首先，在第40分钟内观察产卵，在帕拉伯里族SP中观察到。 TYO菌株分别在M. Shonaicus交配后几天。交配前后染色体形态的比较表明，卵母细胞在两种物种中的中期剂中被捕。精子附着在鸡蛋的绒毛膜内部。

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