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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >Duplication and Variation in the Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes in Blakiston's Fish Owl, Bubo blakistoni
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Duplication and Variation in the Major Histocompatibility Complex Genes in Blakiston's Fish Owl, Bubo blakistoni

机译：Blakiston鱼猫头鹰，Bubo Blakistoni的主要组织相容性复杂基因的复制和变异

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摘要

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) includes many genes that are essential for the adaptive immune system, and variation in the antigen binding site (ABS) is related to resistance against pathogens. In the present study, quantitative real-time PCR indicated a larger number of MHC gene copies in the endangered population of Blakiston's fish owl (Bubo blakistoni) than in five other owl species, and massively parallel pyrosequencing detected more MHC class II beta per individual alleles in B. blakistoni than in the other species. A chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis showed that the MHC class I and class II beta loci are closely linked on a single pair of micro-chromosomes, indicating that the MHC genes were tandemly duplicated in a limited chromosomal region. Because B. blakistoni has twice as many MHC genes as its sister species, the tawny fish owl (Bubo flavipes), the duplication of MHC genes occurred after these species diverged by speciation. A Bayesian molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the DAB1 and DAB2 lineages of MHC class II beta alleles from various strigid species each formed a separate clade, indicating that the two allelic lineages preceded the radiation of Strigidae and evolved as paralogs. By contrast, the ABS sequences did not form distinct clades between DAB1 and DAB2 alleles but were intermixed, presumably due to gene conversion. Despite the low diversity of alleles per locus, B. blakistoni had many lineages of MHC class II beta alleles. Gene duplication increases variation in the MHC genes in this species, and could have facilitated adaptation in small populations.
机译：主要的组织相容性复合物（MHC）包括许多对于适应性免疫系统必不可少的基因，并且抗原结合位点（ABS）的变异与病原体的抗性有关。在本研究中，定量实时PCR表明了濒临灭绝的Blakiston鱼猫头鹰（Bubo Blakistoni）中的MHC基因拷贝比其他五个猫头鹰种群，并且每种单独等位基因检测到更多的平行焦肌肉测序检测到更多MHC IIβ在B. Blakistoni比其他物种。原位杂交（鱼类）分析的染色体荧光表明，MHC I类和II类β基因座在一对微染色体上紧密相关，表明MHC基因在有限的染色体区域中串联重复。因为B.Blakistoni具有两倍的MHC基因作为其姐妹种类，黄褐色鱼猫头鹰（Bubo Flavipes），这些物种因物种偏差后发生了MHC基因的重复。贝叶斯分子系统发育分析显示，来自各种中断物种的MHC II类β等位基因的DAB1和DAB2谱系各自形成了单独的疏水物种，表明两种等位基因谱系在中序列的辐射之前并作为旁系杀菌剂演变。相比之下，ABS序列在DAB1和DAB2等位基因之间没有形成不同的片状，而是被混合，可能是由于基因转化率。尽管每个基因座的等位基因多样化，B.Blakistoni有许多MHC II类β等位基因的谱系。基因重复增加了该物种中MHC基因的变化，并且可以有助于对小种群的适应性。

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