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首页> 外文期刊>Zoological Science >Drosophila Peptide Hormones Allatostatin A and Diuretic Hormone 31 Exhibiting Complementary Gradient Distribution in Posterior Midgut Antagonistically Regulate Midgut Senescence and Adult Lifespan
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Drosophila Peptide Hormones Allatostatin A and Diuretic Hormone 31 Exhibiting Complementary Gradient Distribution in Posterior Midgut Antagonistically Regulate Midgut Senescence and Adult Lifespan

机译：果蝇肽激素Allatostatin A和利尿激素31在后部中肠道拮抗症中表现出互补梯度分布，调节中间菌衰老和成人寿命

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Enteroendocrine cells (EEs) are evolutionarily conserved gastrointestinal secretory cells that show scattered distribution in the intestinal epithelium. These cells classified into several subtypes based on the hormones they produce in both mammals and insects. In the fruit fly Drosophila, it has been suggested that nearly equal numbers of two subtypes of EEs (Allatostatin A: AstA and Diuretic hormone 31: Dh31) are alternately produced from the intestinal stem cells in the posterior midgut. However, we found that these two subtypes are not always present in this manner, but are rather distributed in a complementary frequency gradient along the posterior midgut. We show that midgut-preferential RNA knockdown of the peptide hormones AstA or Dh31 respectively results in decreased or increased adult lifespan. This effect on longevity is apparently correlated with the midgut senescence phenotypes as a result of direct hormone action through both hormone receptors expressed in the enteroblasts or other midgut cell types. However, gut senescence does not appear to be the direct cause for longevity regulation, as knockdown of both hormone receptors did not affect adult lifespan. Furthermore, these senescence phenotypes appear to be independent of insulin signaling and manifest in an organ-specific manner. These results indicate that the two intestinal secretory peptides antagonistically regulate adult lifespan and intestinal senescence through multiple pathways, irrespective of insulin, which implicates a complementary gradient distribution of each of the hormone-producing EEs, consistent with local requirements for cell activity along the posterior midgut.
机译：进肠癌细胞（EES）是进化的保守胃肠分泌细胞，其显示在肠上皮中的散射分布。这些细胞基于它们在哺乳动物和昆虫中产生的激素分为几种亚型。在果蝇果蝇中，已经提出了几乎相同的EES（Allatostatin A：ASTA和利尿激素31：DH31）的几乎相等的两种亚型（Allatostatin A：ASTA和利尿剂激素31：DH31）。然而，我们发现这两个亚型并不总是以这种方式存在，而是在沿着后肠道沿着互补频率梯度分布。我们表明，肽激素ASTA或DH31的中脑优先RNA敲低分别导致成人寿命减少或增加。由于通过肠毛细胞或其他中肠细胞类型中表达的激素受体直接激素作用，这种对寿命的对寿命的影响显然与中肠衰老表型相关。然而，肠道衰老似乎并不是寿命调节的直接原因，因为两种激素受体的敲低不影响成人寿命。此外，这些衰老表型似乎与胰岛素信号传导和以器官特异性的方式表现无关。这些结果表明，两种肠道分泌肽通过多种途径拮抗成人的寿命和肠衰老，而不管胰岛素如何，这意味着每种激素产生的EES的互补梯度分布，符合沿着后血库沿后的局部的局部要求。

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