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首页> 外文期刊>Zoologica Scripta: An International Journal of Evolutionary Zoology >Cryptic diversity in ant-mimic Micaria spiders (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) and a tribute to early naturalists
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Cryptic diversity in ant-mimic Micaria spiders (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) and a tribute to early naturalists

机译：蚂蚁模仿Micraia蜘蛛（Araneae，Gnaphosidae）和早期博士学位致敬的神秘多样性

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摘要

Spiders of the genus Micaria are ground-living mimics of ants. Species delineation in these spiders is challenging, mainly because of exceptional high levels of intraspecific variation masking species boundaries. As implied by preliminary DNA barcode data from Central Europe, the Holarctic and very widely distributed glossy ant-spider M. pulicaria shows cryptic diversity. Here, we disentangle the hidden diversity by means of an integrative taxonomy approach, using mitochondrial DNA, morphometrics, traditional genitalic characters and ecology. Our data suggest the clear delineation of two distinct species, which supports the conception of 19th century taxonomists. These early naturalists distinguished M. pulicaria and a second closely related species based on morphology and natural history, which were synonymized in subsequent taxonomic studies. Therefore, we re-circumscribe M. pulicaria and revalidate the long forgotten M. micans. These two Micaria species co-occur sympatrically in vast areas of the western Palearctic, while the Nearctic region is populated by M. pulicaria alone. Male genitalic traits are more dissimilar in the area of sympatry than in allopatry, suggesting a decisive role of reproductive character displacement in species diversification. Our study emphasizes the value of the early taxonomic literature in integrative taxonomic studies, as it may contain crucial information on natural history that are not regularly recorded by modern taxonomists.
机译：Micraia属的蜘蛛是蚂蚁的地面生物模拟。这些蜘蛛中的物种描绘是挑战性的，主要是因为具有卓越的高水平的拆放变异掩蔽物种边界。根据中欧的初步DNA条形码数据暗示，Holarctic和非常广泛分布的光泽蚂蚁蜘蛛M. Pulicaria显示了隐秘的多样性。在这里，我们通过综合分类方法，使用线粒体DNA，形态学，传统生殖器特征和生态学来解开隐藏的多样性。我们的数据表明，两种不同物种的清晰划分，支持19世纪的分类家的概念。这些早期的博士学生根据形态学和自然历史杰出M. puricaria和第二个密切相关的物种，其在随后的分类学研究中同义。因此，我们重新划分M. puricaria并重新覆盖长长的被遗忘的M. micans。这两种Micraia物种在西部的广阔地区进行了同性恋，而亲房子仅由M. puricaria填充。男性生殖器特性在Sympatry领域比Allopatry更具不同，这表明生殖角色位移在物种多样化中的决定性作用。我们的研究强调了综合分类学研究中的早期分类文学的价值，因为它可能包含关于现代分类家不定期记录的自然历史的重要信息。

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