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首页> 外文期刊>Alcohol >Impaired intestinal immunity and barrier function: a cause for enhanced bacterial translocation in alcohol intoxication and burn injury.
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Impaired intestinal immunity and barrier function: a cause for enhanced bacterial translocation in alcohol intoxication and burn injury.

机译：肠道免疫力和屏障功能受损：酒精中毒和烧伤中细菌易位增强的原因。

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Alcohol intoxication is being recognized increasingly as the major factor in pathogenesis after burn injury. Findings from multiple studies support the suggestion that, in comparison with burn-injured patients who sustained injury in the absence of alcohol intoxication, burn-injured patients who sustained injury under the influence of alcohol exhibit higher rates of infection and are more likely to die. Thus, infection becomes the primary cause of death in burn-injured patients. Because the intestine is considered to be a major source of bacteria, studies in experimental animals have been designed to examine whether alcohol intoxication before burn injury enhances bacterial translocation from the intestine. Results of these studies have shown a several-fold increase in bacterial translocation from the intestine in the group of animals receiving combined insult of alcohol intoxication and burn injury compared with findings for the groups receiving either insult alone. Alcohol intoxication and burn injury independent of each other have also been shown to cause an increase in bacterial translocation. The gastrointestinal tract normally maintains a physical mucosal and immunologic barrier that provides an effective defense in keeping bacteria within the intestinal lumen. However, in injury conditions these defense mechanisms are impaired. Intestinal bacteria consequently gain access to extraintestinal sites. Intestine-derived bacteria are implicated in causing systemic infection and in subsequent multiple organ dysfunction in both immunocompromised patients and patients with injury, such as burn and trauma. In this article, we discuss three potential mechanisms that are likely to contribute to the increase in bacterial translocation in alcohol intoxication and burn injury: (1) increase in bacterial growth in the intestine, (2) physical disruption of mucosal barrier of the intestine, and (3) suppression of the immune defense in the intestine.
机译：酒精中毒已被越来越多地认为是烧伤后发病机理的主要因素。来自多项研究的结果支持该建议，与在没有酒精中毒的情况下遭受伤害的烧伤患者相比，在酒精影响下遭受伤害的烧伤患者表现出更高的感染率，更容易死亡。因此，感染成为烧伤患者死亡的主要原因。由于肠道被认为是细菌的主要来源，因此对实验动物进行了研究，以检查烧伤前的酒精中毒是否会增强细菌从肠道的移位。这些研究的结果表明，与单独接受任何一种酒精中毒和烧伤的动物相比，接受酒精中毒和烧伤联合损害的动物从肠道细菌的移位增加了数倍。彼此独立的酒精中毒和烧伤也已显示引起细菌易位增加。胃肠道通常维持物理的粘膜和免疫屏障，可有效地将细菌保持在肠腔内。但是，在受伤情况下，这些防御机制会受损。因此，肠细菌可以进入肠外部位。在免疫功能低下的患者和有烧伤和外伤等伤害的患者中，肠道细菌均引起全身感染和随后的多器官功能障碍。在本文中，我们讨论了三种可能导致酒精中毒和烧伤中细菌移位增加的潜在机制：（1）肠道中细菌的生长增加，（2）肠道粘膜屏障的物理破坏， （3）抑制肠道的免疫防御。

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