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Spectroscopic features of natural and HPHT-treated yellow diamonds

机译：自然和HPHT处理的黄色钻石的光谱特征

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摘要

High pressure high temperature (HPHT) treatment has long been applied in the gem trade for changing the body colour of diamonds. The identification of HPHT-treated diamonds is a field of on-going research in gemological laboratories, as different parameters of treatment will result in either the creation or the destruction of a variety of lattice defects in diamonds. Some features that exist in treated diamonds can also be found in natural diamonds, and consequently must not be employed for the separation of treated and natural diamonds. In this research, we investigated the properties of 11 natural yellow diamonds (directly obtained from the Ekati Diamond Mine to ensure that they are untreated) before and after HPHT treatment, conducted at a temperature of 2100 degrees C and a pressure of 6 GPa for 10 min. We report spectroscopic data and fluorescence characteristics, collected using PL mapping, FTIR mapping and fluorescence imaging showing the distribution of lattice defects and internal growth structures. PL mapping indicates Si-V defects exist in one of the nitrogen-rich natural diamonds prior to treatment. Silicon-related defects can also be created by HPHT treatment, and they seem to show a relationship with pre-existing NV - centres. SIMS analysis was conducted to confirm the presence of silicon in these diamonds. The increase in the hydrogen-related infrared absorption peak at 3107 cm(-1) (VN3H) is very strong in some diamonds that do not form B-centres during treatment. NVH was observed in our HPHT-treated natural diamonds, so it is possible that this strong increase in VN3H suppresses the aggregation of A- to B-centres as the newly formed A-centres were captured by NVH lattice defects to form VN3H. HPHT-altered and HPHT-induced platelet peaks are different from their natural counterparts in peak width and shape. Strong green fluorescence over a large area of a diamond, which is linked to relatively high concentration of H3 centres, was produced after HPHT treatment. We are confident that the unusual platelet peaks and strong emission of H3 centres are reliable indicators for HPHT-treated diamonds as they are not observed in untreated natural diamonds.
机译：高压高温（HPHT）治疗长期以来一直应用于改变钻石的身体颜色的宝石交易。 HPHT处理的钻石的鉴定是宝石学实验室正在进行的研究领域，因为治疗的不同参数将导致创造或破坏钻石中各种晶格缺陷。在经过处理过的钻石中存在的一些特征也可以在天然钻石中找到，因此不能用于分离处理和天然钻石。在本研究中，我们研究了11个天然黄色钻石的性质（直接从Ekati金刚石矿山获得，以确保它们在HPHT处理之前和之后的含量未经处理，在2100℃的温度和6 GPa的压力下进行10℃闵。我们报告使用PL映射，FTIR测绘和荧光成像收集的光谱数据和荧光特性，显示晶格缺陷和内部生长结构的分布。 PL映射表明在治疗之前的一种富含氮天然金刚石中存在的Si-V缺陷。与HPHT治疗也可以产生硅相关的缺陷，它们似乎与预先存在的NV中心表现出了关系。进行了SIMS分析以确认这些钻石中的硅存在。在3107cm（-1）（VN3H）下的氢相关红外吸收峰的增加在治疗期间不形成B中心的一些钻石中非常强烈。在我们的HPHT处理的天然钻石中观察到NVH，因此VN3H的强劲增加可能抑制A-至B中心的聚集，因为新形成的一个中心被NVH晶格缺陷形成VN3H。 HPHT改变和HPHT诱导的血小板峰不同于峰宽和形状的自然对应物。在HPHT处理后，生产与含有相对高浓度H3中心的金刚石的强大绿色荧光。我们相信，不寻常的血小板峰和H3中心的强烈排放是HPHT处理的金刚石的可靠指标，因为它们在未处理的天然钻石中未观察到它们。

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