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Nick-initiated homologous recombination: Protecting the genome, one strand at a time

机译:Nick-发起的同源重组:保护基因组,一次一股一股

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摘要

Homologous recombination (HR) is an essential, widely conserved mechanism that utilizes a template for accurate repair of DNA breaks. Some early HR models, developed over five decades ago, anticipated single-strand breaks (nicks) as initiating lesions. Subsequent studies favored a more double-strand break (DSB)-centered view of HR initiation and at present this pathway is primarily considered to be associated with DSB repair. However, mounting evidence suggests that nicks can indeed initiate HR directly, without first being converted to DSBs. Moreover, recent studies reported on novel branches of nick-initiated HR ((HR)-H-nick) that rely on single-, rather than double-stranded repair templates and that are characterized by mechanistically and genetically unique properties. The physiological significance of (HR)-H-nick is not well documented, but its high-fidelity nature and low mutagenic potential are relevant in recently developed, precise gene editing approaches. Here, we review the evidence for stimulation of HR by nicks, as well as the data on the interactions of (HR)-H-nick with other DNA repair pathways and on its mechanistic properties. We conclude that (HR)-H-nick is a bona-fide pathway for nick repair, sharing the molecular machinery with the canonical HR but nevertheless characterized by unique properties that secure its inclusion in DNA repair models and warrant future investigations. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.
机译:同源重组(HR)是一种必不可少的广泛保守的机制,用于准确修复DNA断裂的模板。一些早期的HR模型,在五十年前开发,预期单链断裂(刻痕)作为启动病变。随后的研究有利于更加双链断裂(DSB) - HR启动的中心观点,目前该途径主要被认为与DSB修复相关。但是,安装证据表明缺口可以直接发起人力资源,而不首先转换为DSB。此外,最近的研究报告了依赖于单次,而不是双链修复模板的刻录HR((HR)-H-inc缺口)的新型分支,其特征在于机械地和基因独特的特性。 (HR)-H-inc缺点的生理意义并未充分记录,但其高保真性质和低致致诱变潜力在最近开发的精确基因编辑方法中是相关的。在这里,我们审查了缺口刺激人力资源的证据,以及关于(HR)-H-缺口与其他DNA修复途径的相互作用的数据以及其机械性质。我们得出结论(HR)-H-inc是一种尼克修复的真生途径,将分子机械与规范的人力分享,但最不起作用的特点是确保其在DNA修复模型中的包容性并保证未来的调查。 (c)2016年由Elsevier B.V发布。

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  • 来源
    《DNA repair》 |2017年第2017期|共13页
  • 作者单位

    Univ Amsterdam Acad Med Ctr Dept Cell Biol &

    Histol Meibergdreef 15 NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam;

    Univ Amsterdam Acad Med Ctr Dept Cell Biol &

    Histol Meibergdreef 15 NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生物化学;
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