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首页> 外文期刊>Biotechnology Advances: An International Review Journal >Recent advances in the biosynthesis of penicillins, cephalosporins and clavams and its regulation
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Recent advances in the biosynthesis of penicillins, cephalosporins and clavams and its regulation

机译：青霉素，头孢菌素和蛤lava的生物合成及其调控的最新进展

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The beta-lactam antibiotics have been serving mankind for over 70 years. Despite this old age, they continue to provide health to the world population by virtue of industrial production and discoveries of new secondary metabolite molecules with useful activities. Sales of these remarkable compounds have reached over $20 billion dollars per year. They include penicillins, cephalosporins, cefoxitin, monobactams, clavulanic acid and carbapenems. Strain improvement of the penicillin-producing species of Penicillium has been truly remarkable, with present strains producing about 100,000 times more penicillin that the original Penicillium notatum of Alexander Fleming. A tremendous amount of information has been gathered on the biosynthetic enzymes involved, the pathways of biosynthesis of beta-lactams as well as their regulation, and the genomics and proteomics of the producing organisms. Modern aspects of the processes are discussed in the present review including genetics, molecular biology, metabolic engineering, genomics and proteomics
机译：β-内酰胺抗生素已经为人类服务了70多年。尽管年龄已久，但它们仍通过工业生产和发现具有有用活性的新的次生代谢物分子继续为世界人口提供健康。这些出色的化合物的销售额每年已超过200亿美元。它们包括青霉素，头孢菌素，头孢西丁，单bactams，克拉维酸和碳青霉烯。产青霉素的青霉素菌株的菌株改良确实非常引人注目，目前的菌株产生的青霉素比亚历山大·弗莱明的原始青霉菌多约100,000倍。关于所涉及的生物合成酶，β-内酰胺的生物合成途径及其调控以及生产生物的基因组学和蛋白质组学方面，已经收集了大量信息。在本综述中讨论了该过程的现代方面，包括遗传学，分子生物学，代谢工程，基因组学和蛋白质组学

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