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Methotrexate mechanism in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

机译:甲氨蝶呤治疗类风湿性关节炎的机制

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Methotrexate has been used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) since the 1980s and to this day is often the first line medication for RA treatment. In this review, we examine multiple hypotheses to explain the mechanism of methotrexate efficacy in RA. These include folate antagonism, adenosine signaling, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), decrease in adhesion molecules, alteration of cytokine profiles, and polyamine inhibition amongst some others. Currently, adenosine signaling is probably the most widely accepted explanation for the methotrexate mechanism in RA given that methotrexate increases adenosine levels and on engagement of adenosine with its extracellular receptors an intracellular cascade is activated promoting an overall anti-inflammatory state. In addition to these hypotheses, we examine the mechanism of methotrexate in RA from the perspective of its adverse effects and consider some of the newer genetic markers of methotrexate efficacy and toxicity in RA. Lastly, we briefly discuss the mechanism of additive methotrexate in the setting of TNF-alpha inhibitor treatment of RA. Ultimately, finding a clear explanation for the pathway and mechanism leading to methotrexate efficacy in RA, there may be a way to formulate more potent therapies with fewer side effects. (C) 2018 Societe francaise de rhumatologie. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
机译:自20世纪80年代以来,甲氨蝶呤已被用于治疗类风湿性关节炎(RA),并且往往是RA治疗的第一线药物。在本次综述中,我们检查多个假设以解释RA中甲氨蝶呤疗效的机制。这些包括叶酸拮抗作用,腺苷信号传导,反应性氧物质(ROS)的产生,粘附分子的减少,细胞因子谱的变化,以及其他一些人之间的多胺抑制。目前,腺苷信号传导可能是RA中甲氨蝶呤机制最广泛接受的解释,因为甲氨蝶呤增加了腺苷水平,并且腺苷与其细胞外受体的接合激活促进整体抗炎状态的细胞内梯级。除了这些假设之外,我们从不良反应的角度检查RA中甲氨蝶呤的机制,并考虑RA中甲氨蝶呤疗效和毒性的一些新遗传标记。最后,我们简要讨论了RA的TNF-α抑制剂治疗中添加剂甲氨蝶呤的机制。最终,寻找明确的途径和机制,导致RA中的甲氨酸疗效,可能有一种方法可以制定更有效的疗法,副作用较少。 (c)2018 Societe Francaise de Rhumatologie。由Elsevier Masson SA出版。

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