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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science/Zeitschrift fur acker-und pflanzenbau >Environmental and Economic Benefits of Saline-Sodic Soil Reclamation Using Low-quality Water and Soil Amendments in Conjunction with a Rice-Wheat Cropping System
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Environmental and Economic Benefits of Saline-Sodic Soil Reclamation Using Low-quality Water and Soil Amendments in Conjunction with a Rice-Wheat Cropping System

机译：使用低质量的水和土壤修正案与稻米种植系统结合的盐水 - 碘土壤填海的环境和经济效益

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A combination of appropriate crop rotation(s) and management interventions has the potential to transform saline-sodic soil and water resources from an environmental burden into an economic asset. We carried out 2-year field studies in the Indus Basin of Pakistan to evaluate different irrigation and soil management options of using saline-sodic waters (SSW) and soils for reclamation and for growing salt-tolerant cultivars of rice (SSRI-8) and wheat (SIS-32). These soils have variable levels of salinity and sodicity (ECe 9-44 dS m(-1) and SAR 83-319). The treatments on both the sites were the same and consisted of: (1) Irrigation with SSW, (2) Irrigation with freshwater (FW), (3) Soil application of gypsum at 100 % gypsum requirement of soil + SSW (G + SSW), (4) G + one irrigation with SSW and one with FW (G + 1SSW + 1FW), (5) G + two irrigations with SSW and one with FW (G + 2SSW + 1FW), (6) Farm manure at 25 Mg ha(-1) each year before rice + one irrigation with SSW and one with FW (FM + 1SSW + 1FW) and (7) FM + two irrigations with SSW and one with FW (FM + 2SSW + 1FW). Rice was grown as the first crop. After harvesting final wheat crop (fourth in sequence), maximum decrease in bulk density and increase in infiltration rate was observed with G + 1SSW + 1FW while FM + 1SSW + 1FW treatment showed higher decrease in pH(s) and ECe. Significantly the highest decrease in SAR occurred at both sites with G + 1SSW + 1FW. Maximum yields of rice and wheat were generally observed with G + 1SSW + 1FW. The crop yield and economic benefits with treatments showed a positive correlation with that of improvement in soil physical and chemical properties. Overall, the greatest net benefit was obtained from G + 1SSW + 1FW treatment. We also found that the farmers' management skills were crucial in the overall success in improving crop yields during reclamation of saline-sodic soils. Based on the results of this study, we propose that SSW could be used to reclaim saline-sodic soils by using a rice-wheat rotation and a site-specific combination of soil amendments and water application strategies.
机译：适当的作物旋转和管理干预的组合具有将盐水 - 殖民地和水资源转化为经济资产的环境负担。我们对巴基斯坦的印第安纳盆地进行了2年的实地研究，以评估使用盐水 - 碘水（SSW）和土壤的不同灌溉和土壤管理选择，用于垦殖和生长耐盐的稻米（SSRI-8）和小麦（SIS-32）。这些土壤具有可变的盐度和钠度（ECE 9-44 DS M（-1）和SAR 83-319）。该网站上的治疗方法是相同的，包括：（1）用SSW的灌溉，（2）用淡水（FW）灌溉，（3）石膏土壤施用100％石膏土壤+ SSW（G + SSW ），（4）G +用SSW的一次灌溉，一个带有FW（G + 1SSW + 1FW），（5）G +两次用SSW的灌溉和FW（G + 2SSW + 1FW），（6）农场粪便25毫克HA（-1）每年米米+用SSW和FW（FM + 1SSW + 1FW）和（7）FM +两种带有SSW的灌溉和FW（FM + 2SSW + 1FW）的灌溉。米饭生长为第一作物。在收获最终小麦作物（第四次依次）后，用G + 1SSW + 1FW观察到堆积密度的最大降低和渗透速率的增加，而FM + 1SSW + 1FW处理表现出更高的pH（S）和ECE降低。在G + 1SSW + 1FW的两个网站上显着地发生了SAR的最高降低。通常用G + 1SSW + 1FW观察到大米和小麦的最大产率。作物产量和治疗的经济益处表现出与土壤物理和化学性质的改善的正相关性。总的来说，从G + 1SSW + 1FW治疗获得了最大的净利益。我们还发现，农民的管理技能在整体成功方面至关重要，以改善盐水 - 碳水化土壤的填建过程中的作物产量。基于本研究的结果，我们提出了通过使用米饭旋转和土壤修正和水应用策略的特异性组合来回收SSW以回收盐水 - 钠土。

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