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The Public Health Consequences of Sport Specialization

机译：体育专业化的公共卫生后果

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摘要

Sport specialization was thought to affect a relatively small number of elite athletes, but it is now a common practice in youth sport culture. Recent research in the field of sport specialization has led to a better understanding of the influence this issue is having on youth (ie, younger than 19 years of age) today. This review focuses on sport specialization from a public health perspective to elucidate the effect that this practice is having within the United States. The specific goals of this review are to describe (1) the prevalence of sport specialization and the factors that may affect the decision to specialize, (2) the costs of youth sport-related injuries in the context of sport specialization, (3) the financial costs that sport specialization has for families, and (4) how sport specialization may be affecting physical literacy.
机译：体育专业被认为是影响相对少量的精英运动员，但现在是青年体育文化的常见做法。 最近在体育专业领域的研究导致对当今的青年（即年龄小于19岁）的影响而更好地了解这一问题。 本综述侧重于公共卫生视角下的体育专业化，以阐明这种做法在美国的效果。 本综述的具体目标是描述（1）运动专业化的普遍性以及可能影响专业决定的因素，（2）体育专业范围内青年体育相关伤害的成本，（3） 体育专业化的财务成本为家庭提供，（4）运动专业化可能会影响物理素养。

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