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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Biomechanics >The neutral posture of the cervical spine is not unique in human subjects
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The neutral posture of the cervical spine is not unique in human subjects

机译：颈椎的中性姿势在人类受试者中并不是独一无二的

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摘要

Cervical spine injuries often happen in dynamic environments (e.g., sports and motor vehicle crashes) where individuals may be moving their head and neck immediately prior to impact. This motion may reposition the cervical vertebrae in a way that is dissimilar to the upright resting posture that is often used as the initial position in cadaveric studies of catastrophic neck injury. Therefore our aim was to compare the “neutral” cervical alignment measured using fluoroscopy of 11 human subjects while resting in a neutral posture and as their neck passed through neutral during the four combinations of active flexion and extension movements in both an upright and inverted posture. Muscle activation patterns were also measured unilaterally using surface and indwelling electromyography in 8 muscles and then compared between the different conditions. Overall, the head posture, cervical spine alignment and muscle activation levels were significantly different while moving compared to resting upright. Compared to the resting upright condition, average head postures were 6–13° more extended, average vertebral angles varied from 11° more extended to 10° more flexed, and average muscle activation levels varied from unchanged to 10% MVC more active, although the exact differences varied with both direction of motion and orientation. These findings are important forex vivotesting where the head and neck are statically positioned prior to impact – often in an upright neutral posture with negligible muscle forces – and suggest that current cadaveric head-first impact tests may not reflect many dynamic injury environments.
机译：颈椎血管损伤通常发生在动态环境中（例如，运动和机动车崩溃），其中个体可以在冲击之前立即移动头部和颈部。这种运动可以以与直立静止姿势不同的方式重新定位颈椎，这些姿势通常被用作灾难性颈部损伤的尸体研究中的初始位置。因此，我们的目的是将使用11人受试者的荧光检查进行比较测量的“中性”宫颈对准，同时在中性姿势中休息，并且在伸直和倒置的延伸运动的四种组合期间，它们的颈部通过中性。在8个肌肉中，还使用表面和留置次肌肌自动测量肌肉激活图案，然后在不同的条件下比较。总体而言，与休息直立相比，头部姿势，颈椎对准和肌肉激活水平显着不同。与静止的直立状态相比，平均头部姿势更长6-13°，平均椎体角度从11°变化到10°更延伸到10°，更加屈曲，并且平均肌肉激活水平因不变到10％MVC而言更加活跃，虽然对运动方向和方向的确切差异变化。这些发现是重要的外汇活动，其中头部和颈部在撞击之前静态定位 - 通常处于直立的中性姿势，肌肉力量可忽略不计 - 并表明目前的尸体顶头冲击试验可能不会反映许多动态伤害环境。

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