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首页> 外文期刊>AIDS >Combined antiretroviral therapy is effective on blood plasma HIV-1-RNA: what about semen HIV-1-RNA levels?
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Combined antiretroviral therapy is effective on blood plasma HIV-1-RNA: what about semen HIV-1-RNA levels?

机译：联合抗逆转录病毒疗法对血浆HIV-1-RNA有效：精液HIV-1-RNA水平如何？

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摘要

HIV is mainly transmitted via the sexual route. Thus, semen plays a major role in the transmission of HIV. Empirical studies conducted in serodiscordant couples have estimated the risk of HIV-1 transmission per sexual act in the absence of treatment to range between 0.0005 and 0.01 depending on the type of sexual intercourse with receptive anal intercourse among men who have sex with men (MSM) bearing the highest risk [1,2]. The risk of HIV transmission has been shown to be significantly correlated with blood plasma HIV-1 RNA [blood plasma HIV viral load (bpVL)] [3]. The increasing availability over the last couple of years of newer, simpler, more potent and better tolerated antiretroviral drugs had allowed the achievement of durably sustained full viral suppression in blood plasma for the vast majority of patients, including pretreated patients harboring resistant HIV strains. The Swiss federal Commission for HIV/ AIDS recently stated that HIV-infected individuals receiving effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), with undetectable HIV-RNA in blood plasma for at least 6 months, with optimal adherence to their treatment and no other genital infections, cannot transmit HIV through sexual contact [4]. This statement has been highly debated because our understanding of the activity of combined ART (cART) in the male genital tract is poor, and because there are no data on precise quantification of the residual risk of HIV transmission in the context of effective cART [5].
机译：艾滋病毒主要通过性途径传播。因此，精液在HIV的传播中起主要作用。在血清溶脂剂夫妇中进行的经验研究估计，在不进行治疗的情况下，每次性行为导致HIV-1传播的风险范围在0.0005至0.01之间，具体取决于与男性发生性关系的男性性行为与接受性肛交的类型（MSM）风险最高[1,2]。已显示HIV传播的风险与血浆HIV-1 RNA [血浆HIV病毒载量（bpVL）]显着相关[3]。在最近几年中，更新，更简单，更有效和耐受性更强的抗逆转录病毒药物的可用性不断提高，从而使绝大多数患者（包括带有抗药性HIV菌株的预处理患者）在血浆中实现了持久持续的全病毒抑制。瑞士联邦艾滋病毒/艾滋病委员会最近表示，接受有效抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）且至少在血浆中检测到HIV-RNA至少6个月，对治疗的依从性最佳且没有其他生殖器感染的HIV感染者不能通过性接触传播艾滋病毒[4]。由于我们对男性生殖道中联合ART（cART）活性的了解不多，并且由于没有有效量化cART情况下HIV传播残余风险的精确量化的数据，因此该声明受到了高度争议[5 ]。

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