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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of clinical and experimental neuropsychology >Rule induction performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's dementia: examining the role of simple and biconditional rule learning processes
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Rule induction performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's dementia: examining the role of simple and biconditional rule learning processes

机译：在Amnestic认知障碍和Alzheimer痴呆中的规则感应性能：检查简单和Bicondal Rure学习过程的作用

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Introduction: Rule induction tests such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test require executive control processes, but also the learning and memorization of simple stimulus-response rules. In this study, we examined the contribution of diminished learning and memorization of simple rules to complex rule induction test performance in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or Alzheimer's dementia (AD). Method: Twenty-six aMCI patients, 39 AD patients, and 32 control participants were included. A task was used in which the memory load and the complexity of the rules were independently manipulated. This task consisted of three conditions: a simple two-rule learning condition (Condition 1), a simple four-rule learning condition (inducing an increase in memory load, Condition 2), and a complex biconditional four-rule learning condition-inducing an increase in complexity and, hence, executive control load (Condition 3). Results: Performance of AD patients declined disproportionately when the number of simple rules that had to be memorized increased (from Condition 1 to 2). An additional increment in complexity (from Condition 2 to 3) did not, however, disproportionately affect performance of the patients. Performance of the aMCI patients did not differ from that of the control participants. In the patient group, correlation analysis showed that memory performance correlated with Condition 1 performance, whereas executive task performance correlated with Condition 2 performance. Conclusions: These results indicate that the reduced learning and memorization of underlying task rules explains a significant part of the diminished complex rule induction performance commonly reported in AD, although results from the correlation analysis suggest involvement of executive control functions as well. Taken together, these findings suggest that care is needed when interpreting rule induction task performance in terms of executive function deficits in these patients.
机译：简介：规则感应测试，如威斯康星州卡分拣测试需要执行控制过程，也需要简单刺激响应规则的学习和记忆。在这项研究中，我们研究了患有Amnestic认知障碍（AMCI）或Alzheimer痴呆症患者的复杂规则减少和记忆的贡献和记忆对复杂的规则感应测试性能或Alzheimer的痴呆（AD）。方法：包括二十六名AMCI患者，39例AD患者和32名控制参与者。使用任务，其中内存负载和规则的复杂性被独立地操纵。这项任务由三个条件组成：简单的两个规则学习条件（条件1），一个简单的四统学习条件（诱导内存负荷，条件2）和复杂的异语四统学习条件诱导增加复杂性，因此，执行控制载荷（条件3）。结果：当必须记忆的简单规则数量增加（从条件1到2）的简单规则数量时，AD患者的表现不成比例地下降。然而，复杂性的额外增量（从条件2到3）并没有不成比例地影响患者的性能。 AMCI患者的表现与控制参与者的表现没有差异。在患者组中，相关分析表明，记忆性能与条件1性能相关，而执行任务性能与条件2性能相关联。结论：这些结果表明，潜在的任务规则的学习和记忆减少解释了广告中常见的复杂规则诱导性能的重要部分，尽管相关分析的结果表明执行控制功能也提出涉及执行控制功能。这些调查结果表明，当在这些患者的行政职能赤字方面解释规则感应任务绩效时，需要小心。

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