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首页> 外文期刊>Biotechnology Advances: An International Review Journal >Metabolite induction via microorganism co-culture: A potential way to enhance chemical diversity for drug discovery
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Metabolite induction via microorganism co-culture: A potential way to enhance chemical diversity for drug discovery

机译：通过微生物共培养诱导代谢产物：一种增强药物发现化学多样性的潜在方法

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Microorganisms have a long track record as important sources of novel bioactive natural products, particularly in the field of drug discovery. While microbes have been shown to biosynthesize a wide array of molecules, recent advances in genome sequencing have revealed that such organisms have the potential to yield even more structurally diverse secondary metabolites. Thus, many microbial gene clusters may be silent under standard laboratory growth conditions. In the last ten years, several methods have been developed to aid in the activation of these cryptic biosynthetic pathways. In addition to the techniques that demand prior knowledge of the genome sequences of the studied microorganisms, several genome sequence-independent tools have been developed. One of these approaches is microorganism co-culture, involving the cultivation of two or more microorganisms in the same confined environment. Microorganism co-culture is inspired by the natural microbe communities that are omnipresent in nature. Within these communities, microbes interact through signaling or defense molecules. Such compounds, produced dynamically, are of potential interest as new leads for drug discovery. Microorganism co-culture can be achieved in either solid or liquid media and has recently been used increasingly extensively to study natural interactions and discover new bioactive metabolites. Because of the complexity of microbial extracts, advanced analytical methods (e.g., mass spectrometry methods and metabolomics) are key for the successful detection and identification of co-culture-induced metabolites. This review focuses on co-culture studies that aim to increase the diversity of metabolites obtained from microbes. The various strategies are summarized with a special emphasis on the multiple methods of performing co-culture experiments. The analytical approaches for studying these interaction phenomena are discussed, and the chemical diversity and biological activity observed among the induced metabolites are described
机译：微生物作为新型生物活性天然产物的重要来源具有悠久的记录，特别是在药物发现领域。虽然微生物已经显示出生物合成各种各样的分子的能力，但是基因组测序的最新进展表明，这种生物体具有产生更多结构多样的次级代谢产物的潜力。因此，在标准实验室生长条件下，许多微生物基因簇可能是沉默的。在过去的十年中，已经开发了几种方法来帮助激活这些隐秘的生物合成途径。除了要求先了解所研究微生物的基因组序列的技术外，还开发了几种与基因组序列无关的工具。这些方法之一是微生物共培养，包括在相同的密闭环境中培养两种或更多种微生物。微生物共培养受到自然界中无处不在的自然微生物群落的启发。在这些社区中，微生物通过信号或防御分子相互作用。动态产生的这类化合物作为药物发现的新线索可能引起人们的兴趣。微生物共培养可以在固体或液体介质中进行，最近已越来越广泛地用于研究自然相互作用和发现新的生物活性代谢物。由于微生物提取物的复杂性，高级分析方法（例如质谱法和代谢组学）是成功检测和鉴定共培养物诱导的代谢物的关键。这篇综述着重于共培养研究，旨在增加从微生物中获得的代谢产物的多样性。总结了各种策略，并特别强调了进行共培养实验的多种方法。讨论了研究这些相互作用现象的分析方法，并描述了诱导代谢产物中观察到的化学多样性和生物学活性

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