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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Comparative Physiology, B. Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology >Variation in the hemostatic complement (C5a) responses to in vitro nitrogen bubbles in monodontids and phocids
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Variation in the hemostatic complement (C5a) responses to in vitro nitrogen bubbles in monodontids and phocids

机译：止血补体（C5A）对甲莫多内德和Phocids体外氮气泡的反应的变化

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Immune responses to nitrogen gas bubbles, particularly activation of inflammation via the complement cascade, have been linked to the development of symptoms and damage associated with decompression sickness (DCS) in humans. Marine mammals were long thought not to be susceptible to such dive-related injury, yet evidence of DCS-like injury and new models of tissue nitrogen super-saturation suggest that bubbles may routinely form. As such, it is possible that marine mammals have protective adaptations that allow them to deal with a certain level of bubble formation during normal dives, without acute adverse effects. This work evaluated the complement response, indicative of inflammation, to in vitro nitrogen bubble exposures in several marine mammal species to assess whether a less-responsive immune system serves a protective role against DCS-like injury in these animals. Serum samples from beluga (Delphinapterus leucas), and harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) (relatively shallow divers) and deep diving narwhal (Monodon monoceros), and Weddell seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) were exposed to nitrogen bubbles in vitro. Complement activity was evaluated by measuring changes in the terminal protein C5a in serum, and results suggest marine mammal complement is less sensitive to gas bubbles than human complement, but the response varies between species. Species-specific differences may be related to dive ability, and suggest moderate or shallow divers may be more susceptible to DCS-like injury. This information is an important consideration in assessing the impact of changing dive behaviors in response to anthropogenic stressors, startle responses, or changing environmental conditions that affect prey depth distributions.
机译：对氮气气泡的免疫应答，特别是通过补体级联激活炎症，与人类减压疾病（DCS）相关的症状和损伤的发展有关。海洋哺乳动物长期以来不会易于这种潜水相关损伤，但DCS样损伤的证据和组织氮超饱和度的新模型表明气泡可能是常规的。因此，船舶哺乳动物可能具有保护性适应，使它们能够在正常潜水期间处理一定程度的泡沫形成，而无急性不利影响。这项工作评估了几种海洋哺乳动物物种中的体外氮气泡暴露的补体反应，指示炎症，以评估较少响应的免疫系统是否对这些动物的DCS样损伤具有保护作用。来自Beluga（Delphinapterus Leucas）的血清样本和港口海豹（Phoca vitulina）（相对较浅的潜水员）和深潜水Narwhal（Monodon Monoceros）和Weddell Seals（LeptonychotesWedellii）在体外暴露于氮气气泡。通过测量血清中终蛋白C5a的变化来评价补体活性，结果表明海洋哺乳动物补体对气泡的敏感性比人类补充更少，但物种之间的反应变化。物种特异性差异可能与潜水能力有关，并且表明中等或浅潜水员可能更容易受到DCS样损伤的影响。该信息是评估改变潜水行为响应于人为压力源，惊吓响应或改变影响猎物深度分布的环境条件的重要考虑因素。

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