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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology >Quantitative Assessment of State-Dependent Atmospheric Motion Vector Uncertainties
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Quantitative Assessment of State-Dependent Atmospheric Motion Vector Uncertainties

机译：定量评估国家依赖大气运动矢量不确定性

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This study examines the error characteristics of atmospheric motion vectors (AMVs) obtained by tracking the movement of water vapor features. A high-resolution numerical simulation of a dynamic weather event is used as a baseline, and AMVs tracked from retrieved water vapor fields are compared with the "true" winds produced by the model. The sensitivity of AMV uncertainty to time interval, AMV tracking window size, water vapor content, horizontal gradient, and wind structure is examined. AMVs are derived from the model water vapor field at a specific height and also from water vapor fields vertically blurred using smoothing functions consistent with high-spectral-resolution infrared (IR) and high-frequency microwave (MW) water vapor sounders. Uncertainties in water vapor AMVs are state dependent and are largest for regions with small water vapor content and small water vapor spatial gradient and in places where the flow runs parallel to contours of constant water vapor content. Smoothing of water vapor consistent with IR and MW retrievals does not increase AMV uncertainty; however, the yield of AMVs from IR sounders is much lower than from MW sounders because of the inability of IR sounders to retrieve water vapor below clouds. The yield and error are similar for AMVs in the lower and upper troposphere, even though the water vapor content in the upper troposphere is much smaller. The results have implications for the design of new observing systems, as well as the specification of errors when AMVs are ingested in data assimilation systems.
机译：本研究通过跟踪水蒸气特征的运动来检查大气运动向量（AMV）的误差特性。将动态天气事件的高分辨率数值模拟用作基线，并将从检索到的水蒸气场跟踪的AMV与模型产生的“真正”的风相比。检查AMV不确定度对时间间隔，AMV跟踪窗口大小，水蒸气含量，水平梯度和风力结构的敏感性。 AMVS从特定高度的模型水蒸气场得出，以及使用与高光谱分辨率红外（IR）和高频微波（MW）水蒸气发射器一致的平滑功能垂直模糊的水蒸气场。水蒸气AMV的不确定性是状态依赖性，并且对于具有小水蒸气含量和小水蒸气空间梯度的区域以及流量平行于恒定水蒸气含量的轮廓的地方最大的区域。与IR和MW检索一致的水蒸气平滑不会增加AMV不确定性;然而，由于IR发声器无法检索云下的水蒸气，IR探测器的AMV的产量远远低于MW发声器。即使上层对流层中的水蒸气含量要小得多，产量和误差也类似于下层和上层的AMV。结果对新观测系统的设计具有影响，以及在数据同化系统中摄取AMV时误差的规格。

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