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首页> 外文期刊>Belgian Journal of Zoology >Benefits and costs of semi-colonial breeding in the Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus
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Benefits and costs of semi-colonial breeding in the Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus

机译：Montagu的Harrier Circus pygargus半殖民地繁殖的收益和成本

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摘要

A total of 31 pairs of Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus nesting on calcareous marshes near Che(3)m in eastern Poland were observed from 1991 to 1995 in "Bagno Serebryskie" nature reserve. This area has been included into Nature 2000 network as a special protection area for birds. Total time of observations was 1700 hours. The harriers were caught, ringed and individually marked by special colour wing tags. Observations each year started in April at the beginning of pair formation and continued until the start of post-fledging period in July. The size of a harrier nesting territory varied from 0.42ha to 2.25ha, averaging 1.14ha. Clumped territories were significantly smaller than solitary ones. The clumped territories were occupied earlier (as estimated from egg-laying dates) than solitary ones. Clutch size in clumped nests was larger than in solitary ones and the number of fledglings per nest was also higher in clumped territories. Semi-colonial nesting was safer in terms of predation risk. Copulation frequency was higher in semi-colonial than in solitary nests, suggesting a. higher risk for extra-pair copulations. Males from clumped nests spent more time inside territories than males from solitary nests. Most of observed copulations were preceded by food pass.
机译：1991年至1995年，在“ Bagno Serebryskie”自然保护区中共观察到31对蒙塔古的Harrier Circus pygargus嵌套在波兰东部Che（3）m附近的石灰质沼泽上。该区域已被包括在Nature 2000网络中，作为鸟类的特殊保护区。观察的总时间为1700小时。 were被抓住，响起并用特殊的彩色翅膀标签单独标记。每年的观测始于4月，开始于成对的形成，一直持续到7月的后雏期开始。筑巢区的大小从0.42公顷到2.25公顷不等，平均为1.14公顷。块状领土明显小于单独领土。丛生的领土（据产卵日期估计）比单独的领土更早被占领。丛生巢中的离群大小比单居巢中的大，在丛生领土上每个巢中的雏鸟数量也更大。就掠食风险而言，半殖民地筑巢更为安全。半殖民地的交frequency频率高于单独的巢穴。配对交配的风险较高。来自成簇巢的雄性在领土上的时间比来自单独巢巢的雄性要多。观察到的大多数交ulation之前都有食物通过。

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