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首页> 外文期刊>Belgian Journal of Zoology >The impact of sward height, forage quality and competitive conditions on foraging behaviour of free-ranging rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)
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The impact of sward height, forage quality and competitive conditions on foraging behaviour of free-ranging rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)

机译：草皮高度，草料质量和竞争条件对散养兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus L.）觅食行为的影响

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摘要

The habitat choice of the small hindgut fermenter, the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.), was studied in relation to sward height, forage quality, population size fluctuations and spatial distribution of burrows in a temperate grassland. In a multi-phase differential clipping experiment with alternating short and tall vegetation strips, rabbits tended to graze near the closest burrows in situations of equal vegetation heights, while a clear preference for short swards was found during summer (July). In this period, general crude protein content was significantly lower than in spring (April) and autumn (September), apparently leading to a potential forage quality deficit. The summer behavioural pattern with short sward preference coincided with the relatively higher crude protein content of short swards as compared to tall swards in this period, and with higher intraspecific competition, due to significantly larger numbers of animals present in summer. In autumn, rabbit densities decreased, while crude protein content of both short and tall vegetation increased to a higher, though not significantly different level, comparable with spring crude protein content. In those conditions, significant preference for low vegetation height could no longer be detected. Data suggest that selection for nutritive quality appears when intraspecific competition is high and nutritive quality remains under a certain threshold value. When, in autumn, competition decreases and nutritive quality increases again, short sward preference disappears. We conclude that short sward preference is primarily caused by the better forage quality of regrowth in periods of forage quality limitation, while this preference disappears when forage quality limitation no longer occurs.
机译：在温带草原上，研究了小型后肠发酵罐欧洲兔（Oryctolagus cuniculus L.）的生境选择，涉及其草料高度，草料质量，种群大小波动和洞穴的空间分布。在具有短而高的植被条带的多阶段差分修剪实验中，在植被高度相等的情况下，兔子倾向于在最近的洞穴附近放牧，而夏季（7月）则明显倾向于短草。在此期间，一般粗蛋白含量显着低于春季（4月）和秋季（9月），显然导致潜在的饲草质量不足。在夏季，具有短草皮偏爱的夏季行为模式与短草皮相对于高草皮相对较高的粗蛋白含量相吻合，并且由于夏季存在大量动物，因此种内竞争更高。秋季，兔子的密度下降，而矮矮和高大植被的粗蛋白含量增加到较高水平，尽管与春季粗蛋白含量没有明显差异。在这些条件下，不再能够发现对低植被高度的明显偏爱。数据表明，当种内竞争较高且营养质量保持在一定阈值以下时，就会出现对营养质量的选择。在秋天，竞争减少且营养品质再次提高时，短草皮偏好就消失了。我们得出的结论是，短草的偏爱主要是由于在草料质量限制时期内再生长的草料质量更好，而当不再发生草料质量限制时，这种偏好消失了。

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