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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Economic Entomology >Soil Type Mediates the Effectiveness of Biological Control Against Limonius californicus (Coleoptera: Elateridae)
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Soil Type Mediates the Effectiveness of Biological Control Against Limonius californicus (Coleoptera: Elateridae)

机译：土壤类型介导生物控制对利姆里乌斯加州（鞘翅类：Elateridae）的有效性

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摘要

Wireworms, the larval stage of click beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae), are a considerable threat to cereal and vegetable production in the Pacific Northwest and Intermountain regions of the United States. As insecticides are generally ineffective, alternative controls are needed to improve wireworm management. Wireworms are continuously exposed to a wide range of subterranean pathogenic organisms in the soil; identifying these organisms and determining their impact would contribute to the development of biological control for wireworms. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of an entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), and a fungus, Metarhizium brunneum Petch (strain F52) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae), for control of the Pacific Northwest predominant wireworm species Limonius californicus, in two different soil media. We also examined whether diatomaceous earth (DE) increases the efficacy of entomopathogens through facilitating their penetration into the host integument.Treatments containing M. brunneum (F52) resulted in the highest rates of wireworm mortality, indicating that the fungus may be more effective than the nematode at reducing population size. However, results were impacted by soil media. In peatmoss-dominated medium, M. brunneum-containing treatments were more effective in reducing feeding damage than treatments containing S. carpocapsae. However, in sand-dominated medium, treatments with S. carpocapsae provided relatively better seedling protection. No consistent effect of DE was detected. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of wireworm biological control agents depends on soil media, such that the application of biological control against wireworms must be made with knowledge of field soil type.
机译：钢丝虫，点击甲虫的幼虫阶段（Coleoptera：Elateridae），对美国太平洋西北和蔬菜产量的巨大威胁是相当大的威胁。由于杀虫剂通常是无效的，因此需要替代控制来改善钢丝虫管理。蚯蚓连续暴露于土壤中的各种地下致病生物;鉴定这些生物并确定其影响将有助于为蚯蚓生物控制的发展有助于发展。在这里，我们评估了昆虫致病线虫，Steinernema Carpocapaae（Weiser）（rhabditida：Steinernematidae）的功效，以及一种真菌，Metarhizium prunneum petch（菌株F52）（囊胚：clavicipitaceae），用于控制太平洋西北主要蚯蚓种类Limonius Californicus ，在两种不同的土壤介质中。我们还检查了硅藻土（DE）是否通过促进其渗透到宿主整数的渗透性。含有M. Brunneum（F52）的治疗导致钢丝虫死亡率最高，表明真菌可能比这更有效在减少人口大小时的线虫。然而，结果受土壤介质的影响。在Peatmoss主导的培养基中，含有Brunneum的治疗更有效地减少饲喂喂养损伤而不是含有S. carpocapaae的处理。然而，在砂占介质中，用S. carpocapaae治疗提供了相对更好的幼苗保护。检测到DE的一致效果。我们的研究结果表明，蚯蚓生物对照剂的有效性取决于土壤培养基，使得生物控制对钢丝虫的应用必须通过了解场土壤类型。

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