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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Economic Entomology >Mortality of Sugarcane Aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner, Hemiptera: Aphididae), at Low Temperatures
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Mortality of Sugarcane Aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner, Hemiptera: Aphididae), at Low Temperatures

机译：甘蔗蚜虫，Melanaphis Sacchari（Zehntner，Hemntaner：Aphipetae：Aphidae），在低寺庙

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摘要

We conditioned colonies of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner, Hemiptera: Aphididae) to three different temperature regimes over a period of 2 mo: 30 degrees C, 25 degrees C, and a cycle of 18/8 degrees C (L:D), all under a diurnal photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D). Plants of susceptible sorghum, 85Y40, were grown to the five-leaf stage in 4-liter pots, 2 per pot, and then infested with mixtures of second-fourth instar M. sacchari nymphs, either 50 (18/8 degrees C treatment) or 100 (25 and 30 degrees C treatments) aphids per plant. In each run of the experiment, a series of two to four plants of each treatment group were lowered to the desired cold temperature (4.0, 2.0, 0.0, -2.0, and -4.0 degrees C) in a climate-controlled chamber and then evaluated for aphid survival after 12 h in complete darkness. Results revealed substantial survival of aphids from the 18/8 and 25 degrees C conditioned treatments, even at -4.0 degrees C, a temperature sufficient to kill the plants, and 90 and 60% survival, respectively, at 0.0 degrees C. In contrast, aphids conditioned to 30 degrees C experienced about 50% mortality at 4.0 degrees C, and complete mortality at 0.0 degrees C. Our results indicate that M. sacchari is able to survive periods of sub-freezing temperatures quite easily and will not suffer 'cold-shook' mortality unless subjected to a rapid drop in temperature from very warm conditions (e.g., 30 degrees C or higher).Therefore, only temperatures that are cold enough to kill sorghum plants are likely to kill all apterous virginoparae of M. sacchari.
机译：我们将Melanaphis Sacchari（Zehntner，Hemiptera：蚜虫）的调节菌落在2Mo：30℃，25摄氏度和18/8℃（L：D）的周期内，所有的温度制度12:12（L：D）的昼夜光周期。 85Y40的易感高粱植物成长为4升罐中的五叶阶段，每壶2个，然后用第二次Instar M. Sacchari Nymphs的混合物感染，50（18/8℃）或100（25和30摄氏度）每株蚜虫。在每个实验的每次运行中，将每种处理组的一系列两到四个植物降低到气候控制室中所需的冷温度（4.0,2.0,0.0，-2.0和-4.0℃），然后评估在完全黑暗中12小时后的蚜虫存活。结果显示，即使在-4.0摄氏度下，蚜虫的蚜虫的实质存活率也显着，即使在-4.0摄氏度下，也可以分别在0.0摄氏度下杀死植物的温度，并且分别为90％和60％存活。对比度，调节30度C的蚜虫在4.0摄氏度下经历了约50％的死亡率，并且在0.0摄氏度下的完全死亡率表明M. Sacchari能够非常容易地存活沉淀温度，不会受到影响寒冷的死亡率，除非在非常温暖的条件下迅速下降（例如，30摄氏度或更高）。因此，只有足以杀死高粱植物的冷却可能会杀死M. Sacchari的所有Aberous Virginoparae 。

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