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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Engineering >Pollution Load on Indian Soil-Water Systems and Associated Health Hazards: A Review
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Pollution Load on Indian Soil-Water Systems and Associated Health Hazards: A Review

机译：印度土壤水系统污染负荷及相关健康危害：综述

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India's soil-water systems provide a vital source of freshwater and sustain the drinking water supply for the world's second-largest population. However, groundwater within the large geographical area of India continues to be affected by geogenic pollution and industrial spills. Thus, an effort has been made to review the studies performed to investigate distributions and behaviors of major pollutants of Indian soil-water systems. Furthermore, a state-of-the-art literature survey has been performed to understand the progress in wetland hydrology and in the estimation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from India's soil-water systems. The geochemically induced health issues have been presented here. Five major observations have been noted as follows: (1) the majority of aquifers in India are highly affected by multiple pollutants, i.e., arsenic (As), fluoride (F), nitrate (N), selenium (Se), uranium (U), and hydrocarbons; (2) although there is sufficient literature on laboratory and field investigations of individual pollutants' behavior in India soil-water systems, these investigations haven't been performed for multipollutants; (3) scant information is available on reactive solute behaviors in Indian wetland systems; (4) significant work has been done in the past to estimate GHG emissions from Indian wetlands, dams/reservoirs, forests, and crop lands, but very limited information is available on its connectivity with local and regional hydrological processes and water quality; (5) large populations are affected by serious health issues such as dental/skeletal fluorosis, malignancy, and hyperkeratosis in areas highly contaminated with multipollutants. This is the first study to present the current status of multi-pollutants' distributions and behaviors in Indian soil-water systems and associated health hazards. The manuscript will help policy makers, geochemists, and environmental scientists to frame management and remediation plans for polluted sites in India.
机译：印度的土壤水系统提供了一个重要的淡水来源，维持世界第二大人口的饮用水供应。然而，印度大型地理区域内的地下水仍然受到造工污染和工业泄漏的影响。因此，已经努力审查对调查印度土壤水系统主要污染物的分布和行为进行的研究。此外，已经进行了最先进的文献调查，以了解湿地水文的进展以及估计印度土壤水系统的温室气体（GHG）排放量。这里介绍了地球化学诱导的健康问题。五项重大观察结果如下：（1）印度大多数含水层受多种污染物的影响，即砷（AS），氟化物（F），硝酸硒（N），铀（U. ）和碳氢化合物; （2）虽然在印度土壤水系统中对个人污染物行为的实验室行为有足够的文献，但这些调查尚未对多体塑化进行; （3）印度湿地系统的反应性溶质行为可获得Scant信息; （4）过去已经完成了大量工作，以估计印度湿地，水坝/水库，森林和作物土地的温室气体排放，但信息非常有限，可与当地和区域水文过程和水质的连接提供。 （5）大群体受到严重健康问题的影响，如牙科/骨骼氟中毒，恶性肿瘤和高度污染的多体污染物。这是第一次研究印度土壤水系统中多污染物分布和行为的现状以及相关的健康危害。稿件将帮助政策制定者，地球化学家和环境科学家融入印度污染地点的管理和修复计划。

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