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Nitric oxide in plant-fungal interactions

机译：植物真菌相互作用的一氧化氮

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摘要

Whilst many interactions with fungi are detrimental for plants, others are beneficial and result in improved growth and stress tolerance. Thus, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to restrict pathogenic interactions while promoting mutualistic relationships. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of plant defence against fungal pathogens. NO triggers a reprograming of defence-related gene expression, the production of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties, and the hypersensitive response. More recent studies have shown a regulatory role of NO during the establishment of plant-fungal mutualistic associations from the early stages of the interaction. Indeed, NO has been recently shown to be produced by the plant after the recognition of root fungal symbionts, and to be required for the optimal control of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Although studies dealing with the function of NO in plant-fungal mutualistic associations are still scarce, experimental data indicate that different regulation patterns and functions for NO exist between plant interactions with pathogenic and mutualistic fungi. Here, we review recent progress in determining the functions of NO in plant-fungal interactions, and try to identify common and differential patterns related to pathogenic and mutualistic associations, and their impacts on plant health.
机译：虽然与真菌的许多相互作用对植物有害，但其他人是有益的，导致增长和胁迫耐受性。因此，植物已经进化了复杂的机制，以限制促进互联关系的致病性相互作用。许多研究表明，一氧化氮（NO）在对真菌病原体调节植物防防中的重要性。没有触发无论与抗微生物性能的次级代谢物的生产重新编程的重新编程，以及过敏反应。最近的研究表明，在从互动的早期阶段建立植物真菌互联协会期间的监管作用。实际上，最近没有被植物在识别根部真菌共生后产生的，并且需要对菌根菌根共生的最佳控制来产生。虽然处理植物真菌互联协会缺乏缺乏的研究仍然是稀缺的，但实验数据表明植物相互作用与致病性和互动真菌之间的不同调节模式和功能。在这里，我们审查最近在确定植物 - 真菌相互作用中不具有的功能的进展，并试图确定与致病和互动协会有关的共同和差异模式，以及它们对植物健康的影响。

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