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Energy Sorghum-a genetic model for the design of C-4 grass bioenergy crops

机译：能源高粱 - C-4草生物能量作物设计的基因模型

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摘要

Sorghum is emerging as an excellent genetic model for the design of C-4 grass bioenergy crops. Annual energy Sorghum hybrids also serve as a source of biomass for bioenergy production. Elucidation of Sorghum's flowering time gene regulatory network, and identification of complementary alleles for photoperiod sensitivity, enabled large-scale generation of energy Sorghum hybrids for testing and commercial use. Energy Sorghum hybrids with long vegetative growth phases were found to accumulate more than twice as much biomass as grain Sorghum, owing to extended growing seasons, greater light interception, and higher radiation use efficiency. High biomass yield, efficient nitrogen recycling, and preferential accumulation of stem biomass with low nitrogen content contributed to energy Sorghum's elevated nitrogen use efficiency. Sorghum's integrated genetics-genomics-breeding platform, diverse germplasm, and the opportunity for annual testing of new genetic designs in controlled environments and in multiple field locations is aiding fundamental discovery, and accelerating the improvement of biomass yield and optimization of composition for biofuels production. Recent advances in wide hybridization between Sorghum and other C-4 grasses could allow the deployment of improved genetic designs of annual energy Sorghums in the form of wide-hybrid perennial crops. The current trajectory of energy Sorghum genetic improvement indicates that it will be possible to sustainably produce biofuels from C-4 grass bioenergy crops that are cost competitive with petroleum-based transportation fuels.
机译：高粱作为C-4草生物能量作物设计的优秀遗传模型。年能高粱杂交种也作为生物能源生产的生物量来源。阐明高粱开花时间基因调节网络，以及鉴定光周期敏感性的互补等位基因，使大规模产生的能源高粱混合动力器进行测试和商业用途。由于延长了季节，更高的光线拦截和更高的辐射利用效率，发现能量高粱杂交液作为谷物高粱积累了两倍以上的生物量作为谷物高粱。具有低氮含量的高生物量产量，有效的氮源再循环，以及茎生物质的优先积累，导致能源高粱升高的氮气利用效率有助于。高粱的综合遗传学 - 基因组学 - 育种平台，不同的种质，以及对受控环境中新遗传设计的年度测试的机会，以及多个现场位置的基础发现是促进了生物量产量的改善和生物燃料生产组合物的改善。高粱和其他C-4草地之间的广泛杂交的最新进展可允许以宽杂交多年生作物的形式部署改善的年能高粱的遗传设计。能量高粱遗传改善的目前的轨迹表明，可以可持续地从C-4草生物能量作物中生产生物燃料，这些作物是与石油的运输燃料具有成本竞争力。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Experimental Botany》 |2014年第13期|共11页
  • 作者

    Mullet John; Morishige Daryl; McCormick Ryan; Truong Sandra; Hilley Josie; McKinley Brian; Anderson Robert; Olson Sara N.; Rooney William;

  • 作者单位

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    epartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

    Department of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&

    M University College Station Texas 77845-2128 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物学;
  • 关键词

    Biomass yield; C4 grass; energy Sorghum; flowering time; genomics; traits;

    机译：生物质产量;C4草;能量高粱;开花时间;基因组学;特征;

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