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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Root architecture for improved resource capture: trade-offs in complex environments
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Root architecture for improved resource capture: trade-offs in complex environments

机译：改进资源捕获的根架构：复杂环境中的权衡

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Root architecture is a promising breeding target for developing resource-efficient crops. Breeders and plant physiologists have called for root ideotypes that have narrow, deep root systems for improved water and nitrate capture, or wide, shallower root systems for better uptake of less mobile topsoil nutrients such as phosphorus. Yet evidence of relationships between root architecture and crop yield is limited. Many studies focus on the response to a single constraint, despite the fact that crops are frequently exposed to multiple soil constraints. For example, in dryland soils under no-till management, topsoil nutrient stratification is an emergent profile characteristic, leading to spatial separation of water and nutrients as the soil profile dries. This results in spatio-temporal trade-offs between efficient resource capture and pre-defined root ideotypes developed to counter a single constraint. We believe there is need to identify and better understand trade-offs involved in the efficient capture of multiple, spatially disjunct soil resources. Additionally, how these trade-offs interact with genotype (root architecture), environment (soil constraints), and management (agronomy) are critical unknowns. We argue that identifying root traits that enable efficient capture of multiple soil resources under fluctuating environmental constraints is a key step towards meeting the challenges of global food security.
机译：根系结构是开发资源有效作物的有前途的繁殖目标。育种者和植物生理学家呼吁具有狭窄的深根系系统的根成分，用于改善水和硝酸盐捕获，或宽，较浅的根系，以更好地吸收较少的移动表土营养素，如磷。然而，根系结构与作物产量之间的关系的证据是有限的。许多研究重点关注对单一限制的响应，尽管作物经常暴露于多种土壤限制。例如，在无直接管理下的旱地土壤中，表土营养分层是一种紧急的概况特征，导致水和营养的空间分离，因为土壤剖面干燥。这导致在高效资源捕获和预定义的根信息型之间的时空权衡来实现以对抗单个约束。我们认为有必要识别和更好地了解有效捕获多重空间分离土壤资源的权衡。此外，这些权衡如何与基因型（根系系结构），环境（土壤限制）和管理（农学）相互作用是关键的未知数。我们认为，识别能够在波动环境限制下实现多种土壤资源的根特征是符合全球粮食安全挑战的关键步骤。

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