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首页> 外文期刊>Biotechnology Advances: An International Review Journal >Biomimetic self-assembly of apatite hybrid materials: From a single molecular template to bi-/multi-molecular templates
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Biomimetic self-assembly of apatite hybrid materials: From a single molecular template to bi-/multi-molecular templates

机译：磷灰石杂化材料的仿生自组装：从单分子模板到双/多分子模板

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摘要

The self-assembly of apatite and proteins is a critical process to induce the formation of the bones and teeth in vertebrates. Although hierarchical structures and biomineralization mechanisms of the mineralized tissues have been intensively studied, most researches focus on the self-assembly biomimetic route using one single-molecular template, while the natural bone is an outcome of a multi-molecular template co-assembly process. Inspired by such a mechanism in nature, a novel strategy based on multi-molecular template co-assembly for fabricating bone-like hybrid materials was firstly proposed by the authors. In this review article we have summarized the new trends from single-molecular template to bi-/multi-molecular template systems in biomimetic fabrication of apatite hybrid materials. So far, many novel apatite hybrid materials with controlled morphologies and hierarchical structures have been successfully achieved using bi-/multi-molecular template strategy, and are found to have multiple common features in comparison with natural mineralized tissues. The carboxyl, carbonyl and amino groups of the template molecules are identified to initiate the nucleation of calcium phosphate during the assembling process. For bi-/multi-molecular templates, the incorporation of multiple promotion sites for calcium and phosphate ions precisely enables to regulate the apatite nucleation from the early stage. The roles of acidic molecules and the synergetic effects of protein templates have been significantly recognized in recent studies. In addition, a specific attention is paid to self-assembling of apatite nanoparticles into ordered structures on tissue regenerative scaffolds due to their promising-clinical applications ranging from implant grafts, coatings to drug and gene delivery
机译：磷灰石和蛋白质的自组装是诱导脊椎动物骨骼和牙齿形成的关键过程。尽管已经深入研究了矿化组织的层次结构和生物矿化机制，但大多数研究集中在使用一种单分子模板的自组装仿生途径上，而天然骨骼是多分子模板共组装过程的产物。受自然界中这种机制的启发，作者首先提出了一种基于多分子模板共组装的新型制备骨样杂化材料的策略。在这篇综述文章中，我们总结了仿生制造磷灰石杂化材料中从单分子模板到双/多分子模板系统的新趋势。迄今为止，已经使用双分子/多分子模板策略成功地获得了许多具有受控形态和层次结构的新型磷灰石杂化材料，并且与天然矿化组织相比具有多种共同特征。识别模板分子的羧基，羰基和氨基以在组装过程中引发磷酸钙的成核作用。对于双分子/多分子模板，钙和磷酸根离子的多个促进位点的掺入可精确地从早期就调节磷灰石的成核作用。在最近的研究中，酸性分子的作用和蛋白质模板的协同作用已得到广泛认可。此外，由于磷灰石纳米颗粒在植入物移植物，涂层，药物和基因递送等临床应用中的前景广阔，因此特别关注将磷灰石纳米颗粒自组装为组织再生支架上的有序结构

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