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首页> 外文期刊>Biotechnology Advances: An International Review Journal >Bioconversion of natural gas to liquid fuel: opportunities and challenges.
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Bioconversion of natural gas to liquid fuel: opportunities and challenges.

机译：天然气到液体燃料的生物转化：机遇与挑战。

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摘要

Natural gas is a mixture of low molecular weight hydrocarbon gases that can be generated from either fossil or anthropogenic resources. Although natural gas is used as a transportation fuel, constraints in storage, relatively low energy content (MJ/L), and delivery have limited widespread adoption. Advanced utilization of natural gas has been explored for biofuel production by microorganisms. In recent years, the aerobic bioconversion of natural gas (or primarily the methane content of natural gas) into liquid fuels (Bio-GTL) by biocatalysts (methanotrophs) has gained increasing attention as a promising alternative for drop-in biofuel production. Methanotrophic bacteria are capable of converting methane into microbial lipids, which can in turn be converted into renewable diesel via a hydrotreating process. In this paper, biodiversity, catalytic properties and key enzymes and pathways of these microbes are summarized. Bioprocess technologies are discussed based upon existing literature, including cultivation conditions, fermentation modes, bioreactor design, and lipid extraction and upgrading. This review also outlines the potential of Bio-GTL using methane as an alternative carbon source as well as the major challenges and future research needs of microbial lipid accumulation derived from methane, key performance index, and techno-economic analysis. An analysis of raw material costs suggests that methane-derived diesel fuel has the potential to be competitive with petroleum-derived diesel.
机译：天然气是低分子量烃类气体的混合物，可以从化石或人为资源中产生。尽管天然气被用作运输燃料，但是在存储方面的限制，相对较低的能量含量（MJ / L）和输送限制了广泛的采用。已经探索了天然气的高级利用以用于微生物生产生物燃料。近年来，作为有前途的生物燃料生产的有前途的替代方法，通过生物催化剂（甲烷营养生物）将天然气（或主要是天然气的甲烷含量）有氧生物转化为液体燃料（Bio-GTL）已引起越来越多的关注。甲烷营养细菌能够将甲烷转化为微生物脂质，而微生物又可以通过加氢处理过程转化为可再生柴油。本文总结了这些微生物的生物多样性，催化特性，关键酶和途径。基于现有文献讨论了生物工艺技术，包括培养条件，发酵模式，生物反应器设计以及脂质提取和升级。这篇综述还概述了使用甲烷作为替代碳源的Bio-GTL的潜力，以及源自甲烷的微生物脂质蓄积的主要挑战和未来研究需求，关键性能指标以及技术经济分析。原材料成本分析表明，甲烷衍生的柴油具有与石油衍生的柴油竞争的潜力。

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