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Biotechnology-a sustainable alternative for chemical industry

机译:生物技术-化工行业的可持续替代品

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摘要

This review outlines the current and emerging applications of biotechnology, particularly in the production and processing of chemicals, for sustainable development. Biotechnology is "the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of materials by biological agents". Some of the defining technologies of modern biotechnology include genetic engineering; culture of recombinant microorganisms, cells of animals and plants; metabolic engineering; hybridoma technology; bioelectronics; nanobiotechnology; protein engineering; transgenic animals and plants; tissue and organ engineering; immunological assays; genomics and proteomics; bioseparations and bioreactor technologies. Environmental and economic benefits that biotechnology can offer in manufacturing, monitoring and waste management are highlighted. These benefits include the following: greatly reduced dependence on nonrenewable fuels and other resources; reduced potential for pollution of industrial processes and products; ability to safely destroy accumulated pollutants for remediation of the environment; improved economics of production; and sustainable production of existing and novel products.
机译:这篇综述概述了生物技术的当前和新兴应用,特别是在化学品的生产和加工中,以促进可持续发展。生物技术是“科学和工程原理在生物制剂加工材料中的应用”。现代生物技术的一些决定性技术包括基因工程;培养重组微生物,动植物细胞;代谢工程;杂交瘤技术生物电子学纳米生物技术;蛋白质工程;转基因动植物;组织和器官工程;免疫学测定;基因组学和蛋白质组学;生物分离和生物反应器技术。着重强调了生物技术在制造,监测和废物管理方面可以提供的环境和经济利益。这些好处包括:大大减少了对不可再生燃料和其他资源的依赖;降低工业流程和产品污染的可能性;安全销毁累积的污染物以进行环境修复的能力;改善生产经济学;现有产品和新颖产品的可持续生产。

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