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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Human Evolution >Paleoecology of the Serengeti during the Oldowan-Acheulean transition at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania: The mammal and fish evidence
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Paleoecology of the Serengeti during the Oldowan-Acheulean transition at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania: The mammal and fish evidence

机译：丹麦古尔瓦汶河床上古卫床，坦桑尼亚的古威古老过渡期间的古生态学：哺乳动物和鱼证

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摘要

Eight years of excavation work by the Olduvai Geochronology and Archaeology Project (OGAP) has produced a rich vertebrate fauna from several sites within Bed II, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. Study of these as well as recently re-organized collections from Mary Leakey's 1972 HWK EE excavations here provides a synthetic view of the faunal community of Olduvai during Middle Bed II at similar to 1.7-1.4 Ma, an interval that captures the local transition from Oldowan to Acheulean technology. We expand the faunal list for this interval, name a new bovid species, clarify the evolution of several mammalian lineages, and record new local first and last appearances. Compositions of the fish and large mammal assemblages support previous indications for the dominance of open and seasonal grassland habitats at the margins of an alkaline lake. Fish diversity is low and dominated by cichlids, which indicates strongly saline conditions. The taphonomy of the fish assemblages supports reconstructions of fluctuating lake levels with mass die-offs in evaporating pools. The mammals are dominated by grazing bovids and equids. Habitats remained consistently dry and open throughout the entire Bed II sequence, with no major turnover or paleoecological changes taking place. Rather, wooded and wet habitats had already given way to drier and more open habitats by the top of Bed I, at 1.85-1.80 Ma. This ecological change is close to the age of the Oldowan-Acheulean transition in Kenya and Ethiopia, but precedes the local transition in Middle Bed II.
机译：古代地质学项目（OGAP）八年的挖掘工作（OGAP）从床Zania的床二世床II中的几个地点制作了丰富的脊椎动物动物群。这些研究以及玛丽贝基的1972年HWK EE挖掘的最近重新组织的收藏品在这里提供了在中间床II期间的古都瓦伊的群族社区的合成视图，类似于1.7-1.4 mA，这是一种捕获来自奥尔多瓦的局部过渡的间隔倾向于遵守技术。我们扩展了这种间隔的动物区间名单，名称为新的Bovid物种，澄清了几种哺乳动物谱系的演变，并记录了新的本地名单和最后一个外表。鱼类和大型哺乳动物组合的组成支持以前的迹象表明，在碱性湖泊边缘的开放和季节草地栖息地的主导地位。鱼类多样性低且由碱性占据主导，表明盐水状况强。鱼机的Tawhonomfrys支持在蒸发池中具有质量抑制的波动湖水平的重建。哺乳动物是通过放牧牛皮和交通的主导。栖息地在整个床II序列中仍然保持良好和开放，没有主要的营业额或古生态变化。相反，树木繁茂的和湿栖息地已经让床上床上的最干燥和更开放的栖息地，在1.85-1.80 ma。这种生态变化接近肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚的Oldowan-Anfeulean过渡的年龄，但在中间床II中的局部过渡之前。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Human Evolution》 |2018年第2018期|共28页
  • 作者

    Bibi Faysal; Pante Michael; Souron Antoine; Stewart Kathlyn; Varela Sara; Werdelin Lars; Boisserie Jean-Renaud; Fortelius Mikael; Hlusko Leslea; Njau Jackson; de la Torre Ignacio;

  • 作者单位

    Leibniz Inst Evolut &

    Biodivers Sci Museum Nat Kunde Invalidenstr 43 D-10115 Berlin Germany;

    Colorado State Univ Dept Anthropol 1787 Campus Delivery Ft Collins CO 80523 USA;

    Univ Bordeaux UMR CNRS 5199 PACEA Batiment B18 Allee Geoffroy St Hilaire CS 50023 F-33615 Pessac France;

    Canadian Museum Nat Palaeobiol POB 3443 Stn D Ottawa ON K1S OW3 Canada;

    Leibniz Inst Evolut &

    Biodivers Sci Museum Nat Kunde Invalidenstr 43 D-10115 Berlin Germany;

    Swedish Museum Nat Hist Dept Palaeobiol Box 50007 S-10405 Stockholm Sweden;

    Ctr Francais Etud Ethiopiennes CNRS USR 3137 POB 5554 Addis Ababa Ethiopia;

    Leibniz Inst Evolut &

    Biodivers Sci Museum Nat Kunde Invalidenstr 43 D-10115 Berlin Germany;

    Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Integrat Biol Human Evolut Res Ctr Berkeley CA 94720 USA;

    Indiana Univ Dept Geol Sci 1001 E Tenth St Bloomington IN 47405 USA;

    UCL Inst Archaeol 31-34 Gordon Sq London WC1H 0PY England;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 人类学;
  • 关键词

    Africa; Pleistocene; Habitats; Food webs; Species richness; Extinction;

    机译：非洲;更加优越的;栖息地;食物网;物种丰富;灭绝;

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