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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of geophysical research. Solid earth: JGR >Examination of scaling between earthquake magnitude and proposed early signals in P waveforms from very near source stations in a South African gold mine
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Examination of scaling between earthquake magnitude and proposed early signals in P waveforms from very near source stations in a South African gold mine

机译：在南非金矿近近源站中，地震幅度与P波形中提出的早期信号的缩放检查

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摘要

We analyze near-source seismograms recorded in a deep South African mine for scaling between signals early in P waveforms and the magnitude M of the events. The data consist of recordings at 26 stations of 122 events with ?1.5 < M < 2.5 and hypocentral distances as low as ～60 m. We examine four signals belonging to two classes. Signals in the first class include Ellsworth-Beroza and Iio measurements, assumed to reflect signatures of seismic nucleation phases. Signals in the second class consist of Nakamura-type predominant period and Wu-Zhao corrected peak displacement in the early waveforms, related to measures of the stress drop and local magnitude. Candidates for the Ellsworth-Beroza signals, involving a weak arrival before the main P phase, exist for only 20–30% of the waveforms. These phases do not appear to be associated with a general component of the rupture initiation process. The Iio signal increases with increasing M but may be attributed, at least partially, to statistical effects. The predominant period and peak displacement have significant correlations with M, which remain robust when the analysis time window is reduced from 3 s or before the S wave arrival to 0.01 s. The latter is shorter than the estimated rupture duration for events with M > ～0, implying that the final earthquake size is affected statistically by the initial rupture process. If these correlations hold for larger earthquakes, as suggested by other studies, the early predominant period and peak displacement are useful for early warning systems.
机译：我们分析了在深度南非矿井中记录的近源地震图，以在P波形的早期发信号和事件的幅度m之间进行缩放。数据由26个站点的录制组成，其中26个事件的函数有1.5个〜0的事件的估计破裂持续时间，这意味着最终的地震大小受到初始破裂过程的统计影响。如果这些相关性适用于较大的地震，如其他研究所提出的，早期的主要时间和峰位移对于预警系统有用。

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