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A Field Study of Footprint-Scale Variability of Raindrop Size Distribution

机译：雨水尺寸分布足迹变异性的田间研究

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A network of seven two-dimensional video disdrometers (2DVD), which were operated during the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) in northern Oklahoma, are employed to investigate the spatial variability of raindrop size distribution (DSD) within the footprint of the dual-frequency precipitation radar (DPR) on board the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission core satellite. One-minute 2DVD DSD observations were interpolated uniformly to 13 points distributed within a nearly circular DPR footprint through an inverse distance weighting method. The presence of deep continental showers was a unique feature of the dataset resulting in a higher mean rain rate R with respect to previous studies. As a measure of spatial variability for the interpolated data, a three-parameter exponential function was applied to paired correlations of three parameters of normalized gamma DSD, R, reflectivity, and attenuation at Ka- and Ku-band frequencies of DPR (Z_Ka, Z_Ku, k_Ka, and k_Ku, respectively). The symmetry of the interpolated sites allowed quantifying the directional differences in correlations at the same distance. The correlation distances d(0) of R, k_Ka, and k_Ku were approximately 10 km and were not sensitive to the choice of four rain thresholds used in this study. The d(0) of Z_Ku, on the other hand, ranged from 29 to 20 km between different rain thresholds. The coefficient of variation (CV) remained less than 0.5 for most of the samples for a given physical parameter, but a CV of greater than 1.0 was also observed in noticeable samples, especially for the shape parameter and Z_Ku.
机译：在俄克拉荷马州北部的中际大陆对流云实验（MC3E）期间运营的七种二维视频歧波（2DVD）的网络被用来调查双重的覆盖层尺寸分布（DSD）的空间变异性 - 全国航空航天局的全球降水测量（GPM）使命核心卫星的频率降水雷达（DPR）。通过逆距离加权方法将一分钟的2DVD DSD观察均匀地以分布在几乎圆形DPR占地面积内的13个点。深度大陆淋浴的存在是数据集的独特特征，导致与以前的研究相比更高的平均雨率R.作为内插数据的空间变异性的量度，将三个参数指数函数应用于DPR（Z_KA，Z_KU）的归一化伽马DSD，R，反射率和衰减三个参数的配对相关性（Z_KA，Z_KU ，分别为K_KA和K_KU）。内插位点的对称允许量化相同距离的相关性的定向差异。 R，K_KA和K_KU的相关距离D（0）约为10公里，对本研究中使用的四个雨阈值的选择不敏感。另一方面，Z_KU的D（0）范围从不同的雨阈值之间的29到20公里。对于给定物理参数的大多数样品，变异系数（CV）仍然小于0.5，但在明显的样品中也观察到大于1.0的CV，特别是对于形状参数和Z_KU，也观察到大于1.0。

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