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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of loss prevention in the process industries >A study of fire smoke spreading and control in emergency rescue stations of extra-long railway tunnels
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A study of fire smoke spreading and control in emergency rescue stations of extra-long railway tunnels

机译：超长铁路隧道应急救援站火灾烟雾扩散与控制研究

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An emergency rescue station providing a link across the two neighboring tubes in an extra-long railway tunnel is an integral part of evacuation routes in the event of a train fire. Inhalation of toxic gases and hazardous smoke is a major cause of fire deaths. Therefore it is of key importance to reserve escape routes, in upstream of the fire source and cross passages, clear of the poisonous substances by supplying fresh air to the cross passages and the tunnel in which the train on fire draws up simultaneously. In this study, numerical simulations were carried out with the Fire Dynamics Simulator, given parameters of a real tunnel, to determine the optimal air flow. The influence of air flow on the spread of gases and smoke and the distribution of temperature was also investigated. Analysis of the results show that a sufficient air flow along the tubes may effectively limit the thickness of the smoke layer, thus leaving adequate risk free space above the ground for the emergency evacuation. An air flow in excess of the optimum, however, results in significant non-uniformly distributions of the smoke layer over the evacuation paths, which causes an increase in risk. Further, pressurized air supply in the cross passages proves beneficial to the reduction in the air temperature and in the dimensions of certain regions, whereas it exerts an insignificant effect on the thermal radiation of the fire source. Accordingly fire suppression systems, e.g., curtain producing sprinklers, are expected in emergency rescue stations. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：紧急救援站提供跨长铁路隧道中两个相邻管的连接是疏散路线的一部分，在火车火灾时。吸入有毒气体和危险的烟雾是火死亡的主要原因。因此，在消防源和交叉通道的上游储备逃逸路线的重要性是通过向交叉通道提供新鲜空气以及火车在火灾同时抽取的隧道来清除有毒物质。在这项研究中，用Fire Dynamics模拟器，给定实际隧道参数进行数值模拟，以确定最佳空气流量。还研究了空气流量对气体和烟雾扩散的影响以及温度分布。结果分析表明，沿管的足够的空气流可以有效地限制烟雾层的厚度，从而留下在地面上方的足够的无风险空间以进行紧急疏散。然而，超过最佳最佳空气流量导致烟雾层在抽空路径上的显着不均匀分布，这导致风险增加。此外，跨通道中的加压空气供应证明有利于空气温度的减少和某些区域的尺寸，而它对火源的热辐射产生了微不足道的影响。因此，在应急救援站中预期燃烧系统，例如窗帘生产洒水器。 （c）2017 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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