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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of island and coastal archaeology >Opportunistic Subsistence Strategies among Late Holocene Coastal Hunter-Gatherers, Elands Bay, South Africa
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Opportunistic Subsistence Strategies among Late Holocene Coastal Hunter-Gatherers, Elands Bay, South Africa

机译：全新世沿海猎人 - 南非伊斯兰湾湖沿海猎人 - 采集者中的机会生存战略

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摘要

Hunting and gathering was practiced for many hundreds of thousands of years in South Africa's Western Cape region, until ceramics and a stock-keeping economy first appeared c. 2,000 years ago, and in the Elands Bay and Lamberts Bay areas 200 years later. Subsistence and settlement patterns in this part of the West Coast of South Africa changed dramatically after this date, but the nature of interactions between indigenous groups engaging with these two types of subsistence practices is still poorly understood. The cultural-contact scenarios so far proposed view this interaction as basically competitive, with forager groups living at the margins of.herder society and compelled to change their subsistence and settlement choices by focusing on small food parcels and having to move to less accessible areas. Observations from Borrow Pit Midden and other sites in the study area do not support this scenario. Instead, their records suggest flexible adaptive responses among foragers when at coastal and pericoastal locations. Overall, an opportunistic subsistence strategy was practiced mostly within the immediate surrounding environment of camps with high mobility, characterizing forager settlement. The components of a new cultural-contact model are emerging, but much remains to be done before it is established on a reliable empirical foundation.
机译：在南非西开普省地区的数十万年狩猎和聚会，直到陶瓷和股票市经济首次出现C. 2000年前，在Elands Bay和Lamberts湾区200年后。在此日期之后，南非西海岸的这一部分在这部分变化的自居点和解决模式，但土着团体与这两种类型的生计实践的互动的性质仍然明白。到目前为止，文化联络情景拟议将这种互动视为基本上竞争，福林团体居住在“赫德社会的边缘”，并强迫通过专注于小型食品包裹来改变其生存和解决方案，并不得不转移到较少的可访问区域。来自借阅Pit MIDDEN和研究区域的其他网站的观察不支持这种情况。相反，他们的记录表明在沿海和Pericoastal地点时的伪造者之间的灵活性响应。总体而言，机会生存战略主要在营地的直接环境中练习，具有高流动性，表征令人满意的解决方案。新的文化联络模型的组成部分正在出现，但在可靠的经验基础上建立之前还有很多工作要做。

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